19托福备考：综合写作如何抓重点？

>>托福备考：19托福备考：综合写作如何抓重点？

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把握文章结构：

一般来讲， 综合阅读文本是总分结构， 文章分4大段。 开头段介绍关于的内容。 后三段分别介绍对应的分论点。

我们要根据文本结构采用不同招式快速攻克，快速抓住中心思想，看首段，我们要从文章的开头段的末尾部分找到文章的内容以及作者本人或介绍的立场。

举个例子：开头段

Soon there will be something new for the tourist who has been everywhere and seen everything on Earth. Spacecraft being developed by private commercial companies will soon enable private citizens to buy their own tickets to travel in to space, thereby creating a space tourism industry. So far, space travel has been undertaken only by governments, but the new privatized space flight industry will bring great benefits to both science and the public.

仔细观察上面文本中的加粗部分，我们可以找到：

文章的内容是：space travel

作者的立场是：new privatized space flight industry will bring great benefits to both science and the public

快速掌握文章分论点，看首句

首句中重点要看的词：层进连词

层进连词有：first, second, also, further.

情况1.在段的首句上看到层进连词

First, private space travel will benefit serious space exploration by making spaceflight cheaper. Privatization of space technology will bring technological costs down very fast because it will allow competition—and competition is one of the strongest motivations to cut costs. Thus, lowering the cost of space travel will benefit not only space tourists but also scientists, who will be able to use private space flights for research purposes.

看到句首的层进连词了!

上边这段， 段首有层进连词， 所以连词句就是分论点句

Private space travel will benefit space exploration by making spaceflight cheaper

很简单吧，但是要注意一种特殊情况：

如果此类句后跟有转折词，如： but, yet, however, 分论点句就要后移到转折句上

举个例子X2

Finally, when governments are the sole providers of space travel, the costs are paid for by the whole taxpaying public, but which privatization, the expenses of space travel will be borne by the customers of the industry. The fact that private spaceflight operators will be able to raise funds through tickets sales means that the financial burden on taxpayers will be eased significantly.

可以清楚的看到：该段首句有层进连词， 以及一个惹眼的but， 所以分论点句就成为：

which privatization, the expenses of space travel will be borne by the customers of the industry.

情况2. 段首句上没有层进连词，那就到段中找关键词

关键词

观点词 point out，speculate，state，claim，think，believe

结果词 therefore，so，as a result，consequently，hence 等

举例连词 for example，for instance

找到有关连词， 关键词前后的句子就是分论点句

碰到了观点词，结果词，它们后面的句子就是分论点句本句啦

举例X3

There are indications that the decades around 1500 were a dry period. Crop failure was a likely result. With a number of poor harvests over a number of successive years, famine would have been a real problem. Accordingly, there was a migration away from the city and region.

首句没有看到层进词，一眼扫去有个关键词accordingly，那么分论点句就是：

Famine resulted in the migration from the city and region

遇到了举例连词，它们前面的句子才是分论点句

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