2019新SAT考试OG阅读中心题型解析3

>>SAT阅读：2019新SAT考试OG阅读中心题型解析3

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P710——Section 3

艺术评论

16. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer A :

Choice (A) is correct. An admission of a lack of expertise is a disclaimer; a statement is an assertion. In the first sentence, the author admits to a lack of certain kinds of expertise; in the second sentence, the author states an opinion about Martha Graham's work.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. No one is invoked, or appealed to, in the first sentence, and the second sentence does not define anything.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. In the first sentence the author admits to a lack of expertise but not in an apologetic way; the second sentence is an assertion but not a confession.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. To say that the first sentence is a statement of authority doesn't make any sense, and the second sentence is a statement of opinion but not a hypothesis, or a basis for experimental investigation.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. The first sentence does not rebut, or challenge, anyone else's argument, and while the second sentence is an introduction to the analysis that follows in the passage, it is not itself an analysis.

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17. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer B :

Choice (B) is correct. The author uses the statement in discussing Graham's "instincts of a mathematician or physicist" in her approach to choreography. The quoted phrase is part of a statement that expands on an earlier point about Graham's approach to line and direction in dance, which the author of the passage believes is both mathematical and emotional.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. Although the author does suggest that Graham sought to produce emotional effects through the use of line, there is no indication that those effects were intended to be spectacular.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. The passage suggests that, far from being estranged or alienated from nature, Graham's use of line in choreography expressed basic, even inborn, human emotions.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. The passage indicates that a straight line is often used in art, including dance, and is thus not impossible to perform.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. The passage indicates the author's belief that, rather than being found everywhere, the straight line is almost absent in nature.

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18. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer E :

Choice (E) is correct. The “world of suggestibility” is explicitly described as a penumbra, or shadow, “that evokes many ideas and emotions.” The phrase indicates that the meeting of two forces summons up numerous thoughts and feelings.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. The author neither states nor implies that viewers should be suspicious of the effects of a dance; in fact, the author seems to celebrate these effects.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. Although the author is interested in the way the artist’s design produces particular effects, the idea of the “world of suggestibility” has to do with the emotional force of these effects, not the motives behind them.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. The author never states that the audience is gullible or easily tricked.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. The author states that the “world of suggestibility” produces “many ideas and emotions” in the viewer—a direct contrast to the idea of complacent, or self-satisfied, acceptance.

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19. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer D :

Choice (D) is correct. The author makes the argument that commonly used gestures and symbols have the power to provoke universal responses. The author suggests that, in the arena of art and dance, it is the basic gestures of the human body that hold the most power.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. The author points out just the opposite—that it is an individual’s emotions that affect the individual gestures.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. The author begins by telling us that the focus of the discussion will be the emotion Martha Graham brings to her direction. The author states, “I could not presume to analyze Martha’s sense of design” and proceeds to discuss human gestures without scientific terminology.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. The author is emphasizing the opposite here. The author points out that the same emotional symbols have been used throughout history and that human gesture creates a universally understood body language.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. The author does not discuss cultural hierarchy. The author points out that “the individual as a personality . . . evolved from his or her life history and from the history of the human race."

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20. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer D :

Choice (D) is correct. The author believes that eye contact is expressive of a very powerful human connection, claiming it represents "the heart of dynamism, life itself." This power of connection makes sense in the context of the passage, which speaks of the power of basic human gestures such as turning the face toward or away from another person.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. The author mentions rank in connection with "turning one's back," not with eye contact.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. Although the author discusses emotional symbols, nothing in the context suggests that they are difficult to control.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. The author says that body language is related to personality: the absence of eye contact "removes personality," while "the meeting of the eyes" restores it.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. The phrase "the meeting of the eyes" refers not to ways in which choreography is artistically pleasing, but to ways in which it produces powerful effects.

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21. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer D :

Choice (D) is correct. The author states that the emotional symbols found in the work of medieval and Renaissance painters "mean to us today spontaneously just what they meant then; they seem to be permanent." The emotional symbols used in the past are therefore as immediately accessible to contemporary viewers as they were to viewers in the past.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. The author does not discuss royal patronage of medieval and Renaissance painters. The writer only mentions the emotional symbol of turning one's back on a royal personage.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. The author does not discuss whether the conception of emotional symbols by medieval and Renaissance painters was more spontaneous than that of modern artists.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. Although the author might agree that symbolism found in the work of medieval and Renaissance painters should be cherished, the author indicates that these symbols are universal rather than unique and are universal patterns rather than unique instances of an artistic vision.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. The author argues that the emotional symbols found in the work of medieval and Renaissance painters are permanent features of artistic expression, not symbols that have evolved gradually. Although these symbols might be subject to "deviations and modifications" over time, there is no suggestion that they were any less sophisticated than those used later by choreographers.

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22. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer A :

Choice (A) is correct. "Stresses" can mean emphases, or accents. It makes sense to include specially accented movements with "space relations" and "rhythms" in a list of important patterns related to dance. The author says that these patterns have "psychological significance."

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. "Loads" are weights, quantities to be carried, or demands put on a system, none of which makes sense in this context.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. “Stresses” is not used to suggest "anxieties," or worries, in this context.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. Influences—things or people that affect a course of events—are not what is meant by "stresses" in this context.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. The context does not discuss "sounds" as an aspect of choreography.

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23. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer E :

Choice (E) is correct. "Grasped by spectators without conscious analysis" refers to an audience’s ability to immediately comprehend or understand the meaning of choreography without study.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. It does not make sense to say that spectators would "adhere," or be attached to, the meaning of choreography.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. "To seize on" something means to take hold of it suddenly or forcibly, which does not make sense in the context of the passage.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. "Grasped" does not mean controlled in this context.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. It does not make sense to say that audience members "held," or gripped, the meaning of choreography.

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24. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer B :

Choice (B) is correct. It can be inferred from the passage that the author is claiming humans have an emotional need for privacy. The author points clearly to the choice most people make to sit at the sides of a restaurant, a more private space than the center.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. The author actually suggests the opposite idea, pointing out that unlike ancient monarchs, most people now choose privacy when it is available, sitting at the sides of a restaurant rather than at its center.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. Nothing in the passage suggests that restaurant patrons are in need of respect from strangers.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. Nothing in the passage indicates that those in a restaurant have an emotional need for the approval of others.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. Although people may select side tables at a restaurant because they wish relative privacy, these tables could not offer them reclusive isolation because of the public nature of the location.

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