新SAT官方OG阅读考试中心题型汇总5

>>SAT阅读：新SAT官方OG阅读考试中心题型汇总5

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SAT Practice Test #5

P645——Section 3

批评家的风格

6. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer B :

Choice (B) is correct. The passage says that Wilson "speaks directly through his letters" (line 5) and that those letters "undisguisedly reflect his changing moods." (lines 6-7). It also describes his letters as "informal" (line 5). Together these descriptions strongly suggest that Wilson's letters were spontaneous. This suggestion is reinforced by things the passage says Wilson did not do in his letters: he did not rely on "studied mannerisms" (lines 2-3), and avoided "artifice" (line 3) and "circumlocutions" (line 4). In other words, he did not put carefully crafted language into his letters to achieve specific effects.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. "To be cynical" is to be contemptuous and distrustful of motives. Nothing in the passage suggests that Wilson's letters had this quality. It is possible that some of the "changing moods" that the letters "undisguisedly reflect" are cynical moods. But there is no information in the passage to suggest that he actually had cynical moods. So the passage gives no reason to call any of his letters cynical, much less to describe them generally as cynical.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. The passage says that Wilson's letters reflected his moods and that those moods were changing. So what the passage says leaves it open that some of Wilson's moods—and so some of his letters—might be critical. But the passage does not include any information that suggests that the letters as a whole were critical.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. Letters that are “preachy” are going to be full of moral urgings and appeals. But the passage says that Wilson was not a self-conscious letter writer, that is, that he did not plan out what she was going to say or write to achieve some particular end. The passage does say that on occasion Wilson could “become eloquent, even passionate” (line 9). But the passage goes on to say that “that is not his prevailing tone” (lines 9-10).

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. The passage says that as a letter writer, Wilson was not self-conscious and that he did not aim for any particular style or manner. This strongly suggests that Wilson did not try to make his letters especially "witty," or amusing and clever. It is possible that he was a naturally witty man and that his letters simply reflect that wit. But nothing in the passage indicates that this was so.

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7. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer E :

Choice (E) is correct. The passage uses the phrase "the young, middle-aged, and old Wilson" to say that age made no difference with respect to Wilson's letters being generally direct, informal, and straightforwardly expressive of his moods. So the phrase emphasizes that Wilson's letter-writing style was consistent throughout his life.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. The reference to "the young, middle-aged, and old Wilson" is used to indicate that throughout his life, Wilson wrote letters that were generally direct, informal, and straightforwardly expressive of his moods. So the point of the reference is to stress a certain constancy in his letter-writing style, not to suggest that his writing was multifaceted, or many-sided. Since he was a critic, his writing clearly extends well beyond letter writing, so his literary persona is not defined solely by the letters he wrote. But the passage does not discuss any other writing he did.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. The way the passage talks about Wilson's stylistic approach to letter writing suggests that his approach was consistent throughout his life. But what it says about his style indicates nothing about the level of maturity that Wilson displayed at any age. The passage does not address the fact that Wilson might have been immature when young and still have written letters that were direct, informal, and reflected his changing moods.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. The passage talks about Wilson's letters as though his approach to writing them did not change much in the course of his life. Characterizing the writer of those letters as "the young, middle-aged, and old Wilson" serves to reinforce this life-long consistency. Nothing in the passage suggests that aging had any effect on Wilson's temperament.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. The reference to "the young, middle-aged, and old Wilson" suggests that Wilson wrote letters over a long period of time. The passage introduces Wilson as a critic, which indicates that he had a literary career. But the passage gives no information about his career as a literary figure.

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8. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer C :

Choice (C) is correct. The passage suggests that there is pressure on authors who write about the leaders of the Black community to portray those leaders as perfect (i.e., as being above reproach). The passage explains that this pressure has its origins in the belief, held by some, that exploring the full humanity of the leaders of the Black community would harm that community.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. The passage implies that authors who write about the leaders of the Black community will feel pushed towards portraying those leaders as being perfect. Since portraying someone as overly sentimental is a case of portraying that person as falling short of perfection, the passage does not support the idea that Black leaders are portrayed in this way.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. The passage is concerned that portrayals of Black leaders do not capture the breadth and complexity of Black identity. So, if anything, the passage implies that Black leaders are generally portrayed as less complex than they actually are.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. Black leaders may generally be portrayed as perfect, but this does not suggest that they are never portrayed as feeling regret over anything. A person may well feel regret over the way things are or about things that happen that are beyond their control.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. The passage implies that portrayals of Black leaders tend to be false in certain respects. But this does not mean that those leaders are portrayed as being beyond understanding. Rather, it is implied that readers can understand what they are being told about those leaders well enough for the portrayals to be useful.

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9. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer B :

Choice (B) is correct. The reference to "authors" (line 2) indicates that the passage is about written works; specifically, the passage deals with written works about the leaders of the Black community. In other words, those works are most likely historical biographies. The passage questions whether those works are full investigations of Black life, and then refers to these investigations as "paintings of that life" (lines 5-6). The phrase "paintings of that life" is thus used metaphorically for biographical writings.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. There is no indication in the passage that "paintings" might refer to sculptures. No sculptors are referred to, or even hinted at, as the originators of these works, whom the passage explicitly calls "authors" (line 2). Those authors are said to face problems with producing a "full investigation of Black life" (line 5). This further reinforces the idea that "paintings" refers to work that is well suited to extended discussion and development, that is, written work.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. There is no reason to think that the reference to "our leaders" (line 2) is to anyone but real-life leaders of the Black community. So the works that have those leaders for subjects are likely to be biographies (i.e., nonfiction), not novels. There is also no indication that these works are whimsical. They may fall short of being full investigations of Black life, but this is because there is pressure for them to be selective, not pressure to take a light, humourous tone. In fact, the passage implies that these works are "drab and predictable" (lines 6-7).

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. There is no support in the passage for taking "paintings" (lines 5-6) to be a reference to political cartoons. Political cartoons are well suited to directing a spotlight on a specific action or event, and to the extent that they comment on character, good cartoons are generally regarded as uncannily revealing. The works that the passage discusses are essentially the opposite: broad in scope, yet the overall picture they provide is, according to the passage, likely to be unrevealing. In fact, the passage calls these paintings "likely to be untrue" (lines 7-8).

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. The concept of a theorem is appropriate only to rigorous logical/mathematical work. The passage is not about such work. And while it is quite commonplace to talk about written prose work as painting a picture of its subject matter, theorems are not talked about in this way. Moreover, the "paintings" are explicitly characterized as "drab" (line 6), not as colorful.

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