新SAT考试官方OG阅读中心题型解析5

>>SAT试题：新SAT考试官方OG阅读中心题型解析5

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P578——Section 2

Victoria时期中产阶级妇女的经历

13. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer A :

Choice (A) is correct. According to the passage, a Victorian middle-class woman had to choose between being a respected member of the community and working for a living. Lines 18–21 indicate that women who worked faced the disapproval of society and risked diminishing their "self-worth."

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. The role of women in the workplace shifted dramatically between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, but lines 18–21 make no reference to this "evolution."

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. "Economic exertions" did not lead Victorian women to "success," but to ostracism.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. The "shame" that plagued working women likely made them less attractive candidates for marriage.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. Lines 18–21 clearly indicate that societal pressures made it difficult for women to achieve self-worth through work.

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14. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer C :

Choice (C) is correct. "Occupation" in this context refers to a "vocation," or suitable work. If one were to insert this definition into line 24, the sentence would read: "Thus, at a time when vocation was becoming a core element in masculine identity, any position for middle-class women other than in relation to men was considered anomalous."

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. In a military context, "occupation" refers to the control of a nation by foreign forces. The passage does not mention the military at all, however, so this definition is inappropriate.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. "Occupation" can mean a hobby or diversion, but this passage clearly refers to the working world and not to leisure activities.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. "Occupation" sometimes means the act of possessing a place, but this definition does not logically fit into line 24.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. While it may be inferred that Victorian women were victims of political as well as social repression, "occupation" does not logically signify any sort of repression within the context of line 24.

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15. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer E :

Choice (E) is correct. According to Passage 1, a "fifth class" was created in the nineteenth century to describe the large numbers of middle-class women who did not work outside the home. The existence of such a class contrasts sharply with the social climate of the seventeenth century, when women played a significant role in family businesses, as evidenced by the trade tokens that carried their initials.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. Passage 1 does not address whether trade tokens qualified as legal currency. Regardless, the monetary value of these tokens is irrelevant in a discussion of the societal status of working women.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. Although trade tokens may have been issued to women of different classes, the author considers the initials on the tokens and not the tokens themselves to be evidence of prevailing attitudes of the seventeenth century.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. The author of Passage 1 does not indicate that the trade tokens had any effect on gender stereotypes.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. Women were indeed identified on seventeenth-century trade tokens. It was their disappearance from later tokens that reflected the creation of the "fifth class" described in Passage 1.

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16. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer D :

Choice (D) is correct . Queen Victoria does not reflect the "diminished social status" of Victorian women. Rather, she appears in the passage as a marked exception to the rule.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. Passage 1 makes several allusions to the disparity that existed in the workplace between Victorian men and women, asserting that "inequality in the working world made it exceedingly difficult for a middle-class woman to support herself."

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. Passage 1 specifically refers to the opprobrium, or shame, that a working woman might bring upon herself and her family.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. Passage 1 mentions that by the end of the eighteenth century, women's initials were no longer retained on family trade tokens. This detail indicates that women were no longer regarded as significant contributors to family businesses.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. Passage 1 asserts that the absence of women's financial documents from the nineteenth century illustrates the degree to which they disappeared from business affairs.

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17. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer D :

Choice (D) is correct. Lines 42–46 illustrate the author's assertion that women's roles in business affairs decreased significantly around the turn of the nineteenth century.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. While it may be true that a seventeenth-century woman worker's status was enhanced by her responsibilities, these lines are concerned with only women of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. Lines 42–46 are concerned with women's declining role in family business. The proliferation of female novelists is not mentioned.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. Although the passage acknowledges that "millions of working-class women worked for wages in factories," lines 42–46 refer to only the business lives of middle-class women.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. Formal academic institutions may not have admitted women in the seventeenth century, but this claim does not support the view that workplace opportunities for women decreased between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

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18. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer D :

Choice (D) is correct. "Hail" in this context means to welcome, or to greet. Line 80 comes from Davenport Adams's assertion that it is natural that a woman who is "fettered," or repressed, by Victorian society should welcome the emancipation, or freedom, that travel can provide.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. It is illogical to say that women should "call out to" a concept, such as emancipation.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. This definition of "hail" is inappropriate, given the context of line 80. Freedom cannot be "hailed" with a physical gesture.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. It does not make sense to say that Victorian women "should come from" freedom when, in fact, they are not free at home.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. "Hail" does not mean to summon, or to call for, in this context.

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19. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer E :

Choice (E) is correct. The passage indicates that Kingsley's attitude toward women's rights campaigns was one of distaste, despite the fact that her travels identified her as a liberated, "new woman."

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. Kingsley was a traveler, not an activist. According to the passage, Kingsley was "chagrined" to learn that she had become a symbol of "the new social and political freedom and prowess of women."

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. While Kingsley may have felt a degree of antagonism toward those who pressured her to become a spokeswoman for a movement that she did not identify with, there is nothing to suggest that dedication to another cause prompted the hostility.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. There may be an implicit inconsistency in the fact that Kingsley, as a woman, did not empathize with the campaign for gender equity. Passage 2 never discusses, however, the role that British citizenship may have played in defining her female identity.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. Kingsley's attitude of distaste toward women's rights campaigns suggests that she was either uninterested in the movement or was simply opposed to women's struggle for freedom. The passage does not mention other groups.

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20. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer C :

Choice (C) is correct. Passage 2 indicates that women traveled for scientific research, which qualifies as an educational pursuit, and missionary work, which is a humanitarian activity. The passage does not indicate that women traveled for business reasons.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. This option neglects the fact that women also traveled for humanitarian purposes.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. The passage says nothing to suggest that women traveled to pursue business-related interests.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. According to Passage 2, women often traveled as missionaries. There is nothing in the text to suggest that their trips were business-related, however.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. Passage 2 specifies that British women traveled for educational reasons, but it says nothing about their entrepreneurial pursuits.

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21. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer A :

Choice (A) is correct. Passage 2 is solely concerned with middle-class women who escape through travel the "restraints, obligations, and responsibilities" of Victorian England. Their reasons for travel include "scientific research," so the middle-class woman who went to Greece and Egypt to study ancient ruins exemplifies the subject of this passage.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. Passage 2 describes the "autonomy" that middle-class women find in their travels; an aristocrat living abroad with her father is neither middle-class nor independent.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. Passage 2 mentions women who travel alone as missionaries to "escape domestic confinement," but a woman who relocates abroad with her husband is neither traveling alone nor escaping her housebound duties.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. A nursemaid is dependent on her employers and therefore falls outside the scope of Passage 2's argument, which centers on middle-class women traveling to achieve independence.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. A girl from a poor family who is sent abroad to work is neither middle-class nor an independent traveler.

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22. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer B :

Choice (B) is correct. The "fifth class" described in Passage 1 consists of women confined to household activities. Passage 2 refers to these housebound women as "caged birds."

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. Female missionaries who worked outside the home and out of England would certainly not have qualified as members of the "fifth class."

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. The "new woman" described in Passage 2 traveled and, therefore, was not bound by the household duties that defined the "fifth class."

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. Middleton is quoted as an author, and Kingsley was an independent traveler; neither is representative of the Victorian "fifth class."

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. Fussell's and Adams's first names indicate that they are both men, and are thus disqualified from membership in the "fifth class," which is "exclusively made up of women."

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23. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer B :

Choice (B) is correct. The tone of both passages can be described as objective and unemotional.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer A :

Choice (A) is incorrect. Passages 1 and 2 do not convey a sense of nostalgia, or yearning for the past, in any way.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. Neither passage expresses the personal feelings, regretful or otherwise, of its author.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. Although Passage 1 discusses the inequality that Victorian women faced, the author remains objective. Additionally, neither passage expresses righteous indignation, or justified anger.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. There is not a trace of hostility in the tone of either passage.

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24. ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

Explanation for Correct Answer A :

Choice (A) is correct. According to Passage 2, "travel was an individual gesture of the housebound, man-dominated Victorian woman." Passage 1 directly supports this image in its assertion that middle-class women of the ninetheenth century "were usually assigned domestic roles and faced severely limited professional career options."

Explanation for Incorrect Answer B :

Choice (B) is incorrect. Neither passage suggests that Victorian women traveled for entrepreneurial purposes.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer C :

Choice (C) is incorrect. Passage 2 concerns women who traveled alone.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer D :

Choice (D) is incorrect. Nothing in Passage 1 suggests that women of other classes admired the middle-class women described in Passage 2.

Explanation for Incorrect Answer E :

Choice (E) is incorrect. Although Passage 2 mentions women's rights campaigns, Passage 1 does not address middle-class women who sought social reform.

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