SAT语法考点知识全都过来集合啦
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代词的考点:
1、代词出现80%是错的
2、one和you不能相互指代 P145-2 P415-16
3、代词的模糊指代 P847-26
4、this和that不能单独作主语 P783-19
5、代词的单复数 P479-15 P415-12 P150-4、8
6、代词的主格、宾格、所有格混用 P480-21、26 P725-24 综合练习 P724-17、19 P661-23、25 P660-14
定语从句:
which指代物 who指代人 that指代人物均可 whose指代人物均可
P603-15、20、27 P539-20 P538-14 P479-15 P416-19
定从省略:
定从分两种,限与非限看逗号,物用which人用who,不定代词用that。The place where, reason why,时间要用time when。定从少定用whose,定从句首用as,定从省略分两种,关系代词做宾语,从句可无关系词。关系代词做主语,从句且为主系表,主系同进又同出,留下表语做定语。
状从省略:
状从省略三要求,从句引导特殊词,从句主句共主语,从句且为主系表,主系同进又同出,留下表语引导词。
1、引导词 特殊 though /although /even though /when /while
2、状语与主句是同一个
3、状从 主 + 系 + 表 when ( he was ) young, LL read a lot.
不定式省略:
1, 使役 make sb do
help sb to do
sb do 半个help两均可,被动以后to还原 e.g. sb be seen to do
do see sb doing?sb be seen doing
to do
1、感官:see sb do sth
一个感觉 feel
两个听 hear listen to
三个让 let make have
四个看 see look watch observe
半个help两均可,被动以后to还原
3、to与do 不并存的省略
e.g. I have no choice to call the policman.
A but B 主语中出现do 其表语to 要省略
4、to 为介词:Alps dog
a:ascribe to/attribute to 归咎于
l:lead to doing
p:pay attention to doing
s:stick to doing
d:devote to/ dedicate to
o:object to
g:get used to doing
加The的情况:
特指双熟悉,上文已提及,某些专有名,习语和乐器,江河海洋,世上独无二,序数最高级。
序数词:
基变序有规律,此为加上th,8去t,9去e,ve要用f替,若要碰到几十几,前面基来后面序。
固定搭配:
preoccupation with全神贯注,聚精会神
take advantage of / make use of利用
contrast with/in contrast to相比之下
be involved in卷入
think about/over思考
impress with对……印象深刻
use sth to do使用……做
use sth in 方面
use sth as
a threat to /threaten to do威胁某人做某事
take pride in因……而骄傲
result in / from
regard/perceive/ think of……as
prefer to doing
protest against
manage to do
more likely to do
listen to
长难句读不懂,五种句子划起来:
1、adj. 2、adv. 3、状语从句 4、定语从句 5、介词短语
谓语划线看主语,主语一致看状语。
谓语动词与非谓语动词辨析:
谓语非谓语经常混,谓语句中就一个,一个其余动词非谓语,非谓式有三种:-ing -ed和to do,现在分词表主动,过去分词表被动,目的要用不定式,主宾要用动名词。
五大句型:
1、主+系+表 (She is a bride.)
2、主+谓+宾 (I love you.)
3、主+不及物 (Yes, I do.)
4、主+及物+宾1+宾2 (I will give you a kiss.)
5、主+及物+宾+宾补 (I will make you happy.)
并列连接词:(连接时形式对称)
由平行结构的连接词,连接了两个或两个以上对等的对象构成。
形式对称,概念对等,功能相同。〈见到平行看结构,形式功能要对称。〉
特例:i met a homo yesterday and i am talking about him now
for +句子 表原因 neither ~ nor rather ~ than but or yet either ~ or
+doing 表用途 fanboyer
+n. 表目的
F-------- for (for +句子表原因,for+n.表目的,for+doing 表用途。)
A--------and / as well as
N--------not only…but also /neither…nor/ not…but
B--------but
O--------or
Y--------yet
E--------either…or
R--------rather than
比较:
1、比较对象对等
2、相同部分可以省略
3、助动词习惯补出
4、倍数:ten times as bigger as = nine times bigger than
5、as考点:not so much as 与其……不如 regard ~ as depict ~ as
连词:as 如同 air is to people = so air is to people = so too is air people
6 than后可倒装可不倒装
7 than后系/助由谓语动词决定
独立主格:
独立主格要认清,名代之后形或副,不定式分词和介短,with结构不可轻,名代二词是其主,千变万化做状语。
with / without I came in , with my mouth half open.
A+B?状 A(代/名)B(adj/adv/不定式/分词/介词)
B为 adj. I came in, my nose red.
adv. I came in, game over.
不定式 here are 2 books, the third to come out next month.
分词 I came in, my hands tied to the tree.
介词 we came in, hands in hands.
修饰比较级:
far a little a bit a lot a great deal any even still slightly
接不定式:wolf-head maps
w:want / wait o:offer l:lead f:fail h:hope e:encourage / expect(except sb to do/expect to do) a: ask sb to do d:decide / determine m:manage a:advise p:prefer / pretend 假装 s:be said to do
动名词:
动名词功能多,可作主可做宾,主动形式ing,被动形式being done,可代主可加宾,主谓宾格所有格,句首为主谓为单,前面加not是否定。
分词:(作定状补)
现在分词主动进行,过去分词被动状态。
当分词前看见名词,主动由名次决定,当分词前不见名次,主被动由主语决定。
动名词与分词的区别:(动名词表行为/名词)
Starving troops is necessary.
Starving troops have to surrender.
be dong by be doing
作品by,研究by研究人员
+ doing:compare mistake
c:consider be considered to do o:object / risk
e :escape m:mind i:image s:suggest t:tolerate a:appreciate k:keep doing 坚持去做某事 e:enjoy
to do:
to加动词不定式,非谓不作谓语用,功能如同名形副,疑问副代可连用(+to do),宾补有to分两种,前面加not是否定。
hope to do
so as to
in order to
(分词作定语表做了,不定式表没做)
名:To see is to believe.
形:The first teacher to teach GMAT.
副:to get a high score
疑副:how whether when where
代:who which what
倒装:
倒装结构两大类,部分/全倒主看谓,句首强调there be,部分倒装分四种,否定adv./conj.在句首,only + 状/状从在句首,so that结构so 提前,承前相似as/do
全:Ahead of us is the Great Wall.
部分:Only at night does he feel panic.
Hardly scarcely rarely seldom never not only in no way under no circumstances在句首部分倒装
So+adj全倒装
So+adv部分倒装
Be动词:
1、be动词
2、感官动词
3、存在
4、变成类
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