19备考GMAT写作：Argument系列范文整理2

>>GMAT写作：19备考GMAT写作：Argument系列范文整理2

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Twenty years ago, Dr. Field, a noted anthropologist, visited the island of Tertia. Using an observation-centered approach to studying Tertian culture, he concluded from his observations that children in Tertia were reared by an entire village rather than by their own biological parents. Recently another anthropologist, Dr. Karp, visited the group of islands that includes Tertia and used the interview-centered method to study child-rearing practices. In the interviews that Dr. Karp conducted with children living in this group of islands, the children spent much more time talking about their biological parents than about other adults in the village. Dr. Karp decided that Dr. Field's conclusion about Tertian village culture must be invalid. Some anthropologists recommend that to obtain accurate information on Tertian child-rearing practices, future research on the subject should be conducted via the interview-centered method.

【满分范文赏析】

It might seem logical, at first glance, to agree with the argument in Dr. Karp’s article that children in Tertia are actually raised by their biological parents (and perhaps even, by implication, that an observation-centered approach to anthropological study is less valid than an interview-centered one). However, in order to fully evaluate this argument, an audience should be provided with additional evidence.

【本段结构】

本段采用了简明的Argument开头段结构，即C—F的开头结构。段落首先概括原文的Conclusion，接下来给出开头段到正文段的过渡句，指出原文的Flaw，即其应提供额外的Evidence才能让观众对该Argument进行充分评价。

【本段功能】

本段作为Argument开头段，具体功能就在于发起攻击并概括原文的结论，即Tertia的孩子们的确是由他们的亲生父母所抚养的，并且以观察为中心的人类学研究方法不如以面试为中心的研究方法有效。本段对原文结论的归纳为正文段中即将进行的具体攻击作铺垫。

The audience should know, before deciding conclusively about the appropriate methodology for further study, if Tertia has changed significantly in the past 20 years. Dr. Field conducted his observational study 20 years ago and it is possible that Tertia has changed significantly since then. For example, if we had evidence suggesting that, since the original study, foreigners had settled on the island and introduced a new element that affected child rearing in Tertia, it would certainly weaken Dr. Karp’s argument. In that case, the original study could have been accurate and Dr. Karp’s study could be correct.

【本段结构】

本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即：概括第1个逻辑错误的错误类型和其在原文中出现的位置，接下来给出合理的理由和他因来反驳原文。

【本段功能】

本段作为正文第1段，攻击原文中出现的第1个重要逻辑错误——(时间上的)错误类比。在对合适的研究方法做出决定性的判断之前，观众应当被告知Tertia是否在过去的20年内发生了显著的变化。Field博士是在20年前开展了他的观察性研究，而自那时起Tertia可能发生了显著的变化。例如，我们如果有证据证明后来外国人在岛上定居并引入了一种影响了Tertia的孩子抚养方式的新因素，Karp博士的论证无疑会被削弱。在这种情形下，Field博士原先的研究可能是准确的，Karp博士的研究也可能是正确的。

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