职称英语2017考试阅读理解复习（7）

>>职称英语阅读理解：职称英语2017考试阅读理解复习（7）

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When IBM announced an overhaul of its pension plan for employees in America last week, it joined a parade of employers that are shifting more responsibility for saving for retirement on to workers. For many Americans, of course, this is nothing new：millions of them have been managing their retirement assets in individual accounts for years. Nevertheless, in both America and Britain the closure of paternalistic（家长式作风的,感情主义的）corporate "defined benefit" programmes, in which pensions depend on earnings and years of service, is accelerating—even at healthy companies such as IBM.

To the extent that this creates and encourages individual choice and responsibility, it is something to welcome rather than to fear. Many other countries, facing huge state—pension obligations, would also like to see their citizens assume a bigger role in providing for their own retirement. Even so, the trend raises an important question：how much do people due to take on these new responsibilities know about basic financial concepts？

The answer seems to be；not much, and less than they think they do. Studies show that many people overestimate their knowledge of everything from inflation to risk diversification and compound interest. One survey in Australia found that 37% of people who owned investments did not know that they could fluctuate in value. In America 31% did not know that the finance charge on a credit-card-statement is what they pay to use credit. Britain‘s Financial Services Authority will release the results of its own survey on financial literacy in the next month or two.

Even educated professionals may know the basics but see no need to keep up to date—having no idea of the interest rates on their credit cards, the fees on their mutual funds or how their investments are doing. But in both America and Britain low personal saving rates（negative in America, indeed）and record numbers of personal bankruptcies do not bode well. If people are to take charge of their pensions, shouldn‘t they know a little more？

In the end, ignorance could rebound on governments：if people save too little for old age, the state may have to provide for them willy-nilly（不管愿意与否）。"Governments are taking this very seriously." says Barbara Smith of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, which recently produced a report on global financial literacy.Just this week the British govern- ment launched an online debt calculator for overstretched consumers and a money-management course for teenagers that will be offered in schools across the country later this year. New Zealand is another country trying to catch its people young；one official financial—information website there includes an online game on "Money Island".

译文：当IBM上周公布对美国员工养老金计划进行大修时，加入了一个雇主队伍，将更多的退休责任转移给了工人。对于许多美国人来说，这当然不是什么新鲜事：数百万人一直在个人账户中管理退休资产多年。然而，在美国和英国，养老金依赖于收入和服务年限的“家长式作风的，感情主义的”企业“定义福利”计划的关闭正在加速，甚至在健康的公司如IBM。

在这种创造和鼓励个人选择和责任的范围内，这是值得欢迎的，而不是害怕。许多其他国家面临巨大的国家养老金义务，也希望看到他们的公民在为自己的退休提供更大的作用。即使如此，这个趋势也提出了一个重要的问题：人们应该承担这些新职责，了解基本的财务概念有多少？

答案似乎是，没有多少，而不是他们认为的那样。研究表明，许多人高估了他们对通货膨胀，风险多样化和复利的一切知识。澳大利亚的一项调查发现，有37％的拥有投资的人不知道它们的价值波动。在美国，31％的人不知道信用卡对账单的财务费用是他们用来支付信贷的费用。英国金融服务管理局将在未来一两个月内公布其自己的金融素养调查结果。

即使受过良好教育的专业人士也许会了解基础知识，但是看不到需要保持最新状态-不知道他们的信用卡利率，共同基金的费用或他们的投资是如何做的。但是，在美国和英国，个人储蓄率（美国为负数）和个人破产记录的数字都不会很好。如果人们要负责养老金，他们不应该多一点了解吗？

最终，无知可能会在政府反弹：如果人们为老年保存太少，国家可能要为他们提供“不管愿意与否”。“政府非常重视”。经济合作与发展组织的芭芭拉·史密斯（Barbara Smith）表示，该组织最近制作了一份关于全球金融素养的报告。本周英国政府为超额消费者推出了一个在线债务计算器，为青少年提供了一个资金管理课程，在今年晚些时候在全国各地的学校提供。新西兰是另一个试图吸引年轻人的国家，一个官方的财经信息网站包括一个在“金钱岛”上的网络游戏。

1. It is informed in the text that__________.

A. IBM cannot help but overhaul its pension plan

B. IBM takes much responsibility for saving for retirement

C. workers will assume more financial responsibility for their old age

D. most Americans have taken on responsibility for saving for retirement

2. Corporate "defined benefit" programmes will come to an end primarily because________.

A. most companies are not so healthy as IBM

B. it can help companies relieve their pension obligations

C. millions of Americans have opened their individual accounts for years

D. more factors should be taken into consideration for a healthy pension plan

3. If one is to assume more financial responsibility, he should have more knowledge about_____.

A. risk diversification

B. basic financial concepts

C. how much he pays to use credit

D. the fluctuation in value of his investment

4. It can be inferred from the text that________.

A. even professionals are short of financial information

B. personal saving rates will no doubt increase remarkably

C. professionals are usually better prepared for their retirement

D. there will be less personal bankruptcies in both America and Britain

5. The main idea of this text is that_________.

A. most people are very ignorant about investment

B. individuals should have more choices and responsibility

C. individuals should be better prepared for their retirement

D. government should provide official financial-information

参考答案：C B B A C

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