托福听力目的主旨题如何抓取关键信息？

>>托福听力：托福听力目的主旨题如何抓取关键信息？

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目的主旨题(Gist-Purpose Questions)

目的主旨题多在对话中出现，有时也会在讲座中。所谓的目的，就是学生的来意，或者教授找学生的谈话的原因等。关于目的主旨题，需要注意以下两个问题。

明确最初目的

目的与主要内容有时并不会完全一致，因为会出现转话题的情况，因此明确最初目的才能选择出来正确的选项。例如TPO42C1 Discussion about Bauhaus

听力原文：

Student: Hi. I'm Melisa. I was just a few doors down getting some help in the computer lab. My electronic files won't open. The technician says it's probably a computer virus. She's working on it now.

Professor: Yes, from what I've heard lots of campus computers have been affected. What a first week! Huh?

Student: I know, anyhow, I noticed your name on the door as I was walking down the hallway, thought I'd stop in and find out if you happen to have any additional copies of the class syllabus. The one I received in class the other day is missing a page.

Professor: Oh, sorry about that. I probably have a few extra printouts on hand.

Student: Great! Oh, and I noticed on the syllabus we'll be learning about and eventually writing a paper on "The Bauhaus style of art"? Sounds interesting. I'm looking forward to it.

Professor: Right, but technically it doesn't say Bauhaus style of art. It only says the Bauhaus.

Student: Oh, what's the difference?

......这段对话开始的时候学生先提到了因为电脑病毒而不能打印材料，看到了教授在门上的名字就进来问问这里有没有多一份的class syllabus，接着学生就与教授谈论了课堂上将会学到的Bauhaus art。

题目：

Why does the student want to talk to the professor?

A. To let him know that she has no background in art

B. To discuss the topic of her art history paper

C. To inform him that she is unable to print out the class syllabus at the computer lab

D. To get another copy of the material from class

答案：D

在回答目的主旨的时候，通过蓝色标注的信号词知道，学生想找教授的原因是拿一份材料，因此对应的是选项D。然而很多同学都会错选C，C并不是学生要找教授的目的，而只是开始对话的一些寒暄语。

目的出现后移

这样的情况通常来讲就是在切入主题之前先谈论了一些其他话题作为开场，如果寒暄内容过长，就有可能在后面出题，关于谈话的目的，通常会有明确的信号词，例如TPO9C1 Advice on a term paper’s topic

听力原文：

Professor: Before we get started, I...I just wanted to say I’m glad you chose food science for your major course of study.

Student: Yeah, it seems like a great industry to get involved with. I mean with a four-year degree in food science, I'll always be able to find a job.

Professor: You're absolutely right. Before entering academia, I worked as a scientist for several food manufacturers and for the US Food and Drug Administration. I even worked on a commercial fishing boat in Alaska a couple of summers while I was an undergraduate. We’d bring in the day's catch to a floating processor boat where the fish got cleaned, packaged and frozen right at sea.

Student: That's amazing! As a matter of fact, I'm sort of interested in food packaging.

Professor: Well, for that, you'll need a strong background in physics, math and chemistry.

Student: Those are my best subjects. For a long time, I was leaning towards getting my degree in engineering.

Professor: Well, then you shouldn’t have a problem. Uh, and fortunately, at this university, the department of food science offers a program in food packaging. Elsewhere, you might have to hammer courses together on your own.

Student: I guess I luck out then. I am… so since my appointment today is to discuss my term paper topic, I wanted to ask, could I write about food packaging? I realize we're supposed to research foodborne bacteria, but food packaging must play a role in all of that, right?

Professor: Absolutely! Maybe you should do some preliminary research on that.

题目：

Why does the woman go to see the professor?

A. To get advice on the topic of a term paper.

B. To discuss different types of food packaging.

C. To find out if the university will offer courses in food packaging.

D. To ask about jobs in the food industry.

答案：A

对话开头教授先对学生的专业选择表示赞同，还分享了自己的工作经历以及选择food science所需要具备的专业知识，一直到学生说so since ......才明确了学生找教授的目的是讨论论文的选题，因此目的主旨题的A选项对应到了这个信息，为正确答案。选项B是后面具体讨论食物包装的内容，不属于对话的目的，而D选项则是教授自己分享的选择这个专业领域的好处，不是学生想要了解的内容。

因此，综上所述，目的主旨题特别要注意的是原始目的以及与核心内容的区别。

通过上面的描述，我们知道了目的主旨题该如何抓取关键有效的信息。所以考生在复习这类题型时，要针对性的复习，多运用一些考试技巧，才能有效提高自己的托福考试成绩。如果你们还想了解有关如何提升自己考试成绩的技巧方法，就请继续关注坦途网托福考试频道吧。