2018年托福写作考试话题讲解：生态学

>>托福考试专项练习：2018年托福写作考试话题讲解：生态学

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生态类话题真题

在TPO 的题目中，最具有代表性的生态类话题分布在TPO 14，TPO 18，TPO 20，TPO 21，TPO 23 和TPO 26，它们分别研究的是：树木回收性砍伐的好处、佛罗里达榧树的保护、大火给森林带来的损害、转基因树的好处、雪松数量减少、斑马贝的入侵。例如(阅读--- 听力)：

TPO 14：回收性砍伐的好处

1. make room for the growth of the new trees---deprive the soil of the nutrients produced during the process of decomposition

2. minimize the danger of insect infestation---some insects are great contributors to the health of the forest

3. provide usable wood by industries and create additional jobs for local people---transportation of these woods is expensive and the jobs provided are temporary

TPO 18：佛罗里达榧树减少的解决方案

1.reestablish Torreya in the same location

with the coolest and dampest microclimate---the microclimate is strongly influenced by either global warming or the drained wetlands

2.move Torreya to an entirely different location---Torreya will threaten other rendangered species

3.preserve Torreya in research center---the research center can not ensure a large and genetically-diverse population of the Torreyatrees, which means the trees are not capableof resisting the disease

TPO 20：Let it burn policy 带来的危害

1. damage the trees as well as the vegetation---there appears to be a biggerdiversity for the plants

2.bring negative effects to the wildlife---small animals like the rabbits and hares are more likely to inhabit in the ideal place

3.do harm to the local tourism, negatively contributing to the economy---only if it happens every year would it be a problem for tourism

从上面的考察点结合阅读与听力的内容，我们给考生们总结了生态类话题的考点设置：

从单词的层面上

物种名称词汇( 植物)：plant / cedar / plankton / Terroya tree / wild berry / organism / black locust tree

物种名称词汇(动物)：wildlife / insect / beetle / bear / mussel / hare / rabbit / shellfish

涉及栖息地词汇：habitat / dwell / inhabit / habitat / bottom / wetland

生物链涉及词汇：food chain / plankton eater/ predator / parasite / disease / infestation / infest / pest-resistant / resist / dominate / reproduce / germinate / nutrient

关于物种入侵：wipe out / crowd out / be aggressive / invade / invasion / colonize / compete for

表示物种数量的下降：decline / descend / shrink / extinct / endangered / minimize / devastate / destroy

科学技术层面的单词：genetic modification / genetictechnology / genetically –diverse / geneticallymodified / uniform / gene / pesticide

常出现在综合写作阅读和听力部分的考点

生物减少原因：

Environment: temperature / climate change / global warming

Technology: genetically-modified plants /pest-unresistant / uniform in genes

Invasion: compete for nutrient/ infestation / parasite / predator

生物保护方法：

Environment: temperature / climate change / relocation

Technology: research center

防止生物扩散的方法：

Biological introduction: predator

Human activities: capture (financially beneficial) / chemical control (poison / pesticide)

相信看完今天的专题分享，大家对此类文章也有了属于自己的应对小技巧了吧~写好一篇文章是整场考试的“制胜法宝”，还在写作中迷失的小伙伴们可以来坦途网托福考试频道，这里有多种写作主题讲解等你来了解！