2019年托福考试考前必看经典阅读试题4

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d a long tail. The forelimbs were enlarged and obviously functioned as wings.

Modern birds, who are the descendants of these early birds, are highly organized animals, with a constant body temperature and a very high rate of metabolism. In addition, they are remarkable for having evolved extraordinarily complex behavior patterns such as those of nesting and song, and the habit among many species of making long migrations from one continent to another and back each year.

Most birds also have very strong legs, which allow them to run or walk on the ground as well as to fly in the air. Indeed, some of the waterbirds, such as ducks and geese, have the distinction of being able to move around proficiently in the water, on land, and in the air, a range in natural locomotor ability that has never been attained by any other vertebrate.

1. According to the author, all of the following evidence relating to the first birds was found EXCEPT

(A) nesting materials

(B) four skeletons in good condition

(C) two fragmented skeletons

(D) a single feather

2. The word preserved in line 8 is closest in meaning to

(A) confused with others

(B) gradually weakened

(C) protected from destruction

(D) lost permanently

3. It can be inferred from the passage that the Archaeopteryx were classified as birds on the basis

of

(A) imprints of bones

(B) imprints of feathers

(C) the neck structure

(D) skeletons

4. The word they in line 10 refers to

(A) indications

(B) fossils

(C) dinosaurs

(D) characteristics

5. Why does the author mention a crow in line 11?

(A) to indicate the size of Archaeopteryx

(B) To specify the age of the Archaeopteryx fossils

(C) To explain the evolutionary history of Archaeopteryx

(D) To demonstrate the superiority of the theropod to Archaeopteryx

6. It can be inferred from the passage that theropods were

(A) dinosaurs

(B) birds

(C) Archaeopteryx

(D) crows

7. The word constant in line 16 is closest in meaning to

(A) comfortable

(B) combined

(C) consistent

(D) complementary

8. The author mentions all of the following as examples of complex behavior patterns evolved by

birds EXCEPT

(A) migrating

(B) nesting

(C) singing

(D) running

9. The word attained in line 23 is closest in meaning to

(A) required

(B) achieved

(C) observed

(D) merited

PASSAGE 59 ACBBA ACDB

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