2019年托福考试阅读考前经典素材4

很多考生对阅读都是又爱又恨，因为他是我们提分的关键点，但是想要获得高分并非易事，小编为大家整理了这篇阅读试题，在坦途网托福考试频道还有很多相关的试题内容和托福考试时间，现在我们就一起来看看这篇文章吧！

By the turn of the century, the middle-class home in North American had been transformed. The flow of industry has passed and left idle the loom in the attic, the soap kettle in the shed, Ellen Richards wrote in 1908. The urban middle class was now able to buy a wide array of food products and clothing — baked goods, canned goods, suits, shirts, shoes, and dresses. Not only had household production waned, but technological improvements were rapidly changing the rest of domestic work. Middle-class homes had indoor running water and furnaces, run on oil, coal, or gas, that produced hot water. Stoves were fueled by gas, and delivery services provided ice for refrigerators. Electric power was available for lamps, sewing machines, irons, and even vacuum cleaners. No domestic task was unaffected. Commercial laundries, for instance, had been doing the wash for urban families for decades; by the early 1900's the first electric washing machines were on the market.

One impact of the new household technology was to draw sharp dividing lines between women of different classes and regions. Technological advances always affected the homes of the wealthy first, filtering downward into the urban middle class. But women who lived on farms were not yet affected by household improvements. Throughout the nineteenth century and well into the twentieth, rural homes lacked running water and electric power. Farm women had to haul large quantities of water into the house from wells or pumps for every purpose. Doing the family laundry, in large vats heated over stoves, continued to be a full day's work, just as canning and preserving continued to be seasonal necessities. Heat was provided by wood or coal stoves. In addition, rural women continued to produce most of their families' clothing. The urban poor, similarly, reaped few benefits from household improvements. Urban slums such as Chicago's nineteenth ward often had no sewers, garbage collection, or gas or electric lines; and tenements lacked both running water and central heating. At the turn of the century, variations in the nature of women's domestic work were probably more marked than at any time before.

1. What is the main topic of the passage ?

(A) The creation of the urban middle class

(B) Domestic work at the turn of the century

(C) The spread of electrical power in the United States

(D) Overcrowding in American cities.

2. According to the passage , what kind of fuel was used in a stove in a typical middle-class household?

(A) oil

(B) coal

(C) gas

(D) wood

3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a household convenience in the passage ?

(A) the electric fan

(B) the refrigerator

(C) the electric light

(D) the washing machine

4. According to the passage , who were the first beneficiaries of technological advances?

(A) Farm women

(B) The urban poor

(C) The urban middle class

(D) The wealthy

5. The word reaped in line 23 is closest in meaning to

(A) gained

(B) affected

(C) wanted

(D) accepted

6. Which of the following best characterizes the passage 's organization?

(A) analysis of a quotation

(B) chronological narrative

(C) extended definition

(D) comparison and contrast

7. Where in the passage does the author discuss conditions in poor urban neighborhoods?

(A) lines 3-5

(B) lines 6-7

(C) lines 8-9

(D) lines 22-23

PASSAGE 45 BCADA DD

这篇文章的到这里就结束了，相信大家在这里多少都会学到一些新的内容，小编做为大家坚实的后背力量，会不断为大家整理更多的考试素材和相关内容，希望通过大家的努力最终在托福考试中都能取得自己理想的成绩！