2018公共英语考试阅读模拟：lawyer

>>公共英语模拟题：2018公共英语考试阅读模拟：lawyer

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The lawyer is a person with a very special knowledge of the law--both the civil and criminal. Because of this knowledge the lawyer can help people plan their affairs in accordance with law. Inother words, 41 He prepared agreements and contracts by which one person makes sure that another person will carry out his promises. He gives advice to people on domestic and family relationships and business problems.42, although the cases the public usually hears or reads about are those that come to court. The lawyer presents or defends in court claimed violations of fights, or disputes arising out of differences as to what has happened or what is legal and just. The lawyer is not only an advocate of the fights of his client but also a legal practioner sworn to uphold the Constitution and the law.

Most lawyers today are generally college-trained men who have completed a course in a law school. Each state has its own rules about training and admission. In law school, students learn how to analyze and present problems for decision. They study the constitution, treaties, court decision, as well as prior ruling and precedents. 43 In some states, instead of going to a law school, a person may experience a long period of training in a law office 44 This method was more popular many years ago when education facilities were few and the body of law was small.

After a person has completed formal law-school training, he must take an examination, which is known as the bar examination, to enable the state to check whether he has learn the fundamentals of the law. Besides, the applicant must show he is of good character.45The applicant is interviewed, and after his character is approved, he is then licensed to practice law.

参考译文

律师是一个非常了解民事法和刑事法专业知识的人。因为这些知识，律师可以依据法律帮助人们处理他们的事务。换句话说，他帮助人们远离麻烦以及那些已陷入麻烦的人。他准备协议和合同以帮助一方确保另一方履行诺言。他帮助人们在家庭关系和业务问题提出建议。大多数律师的工作是在法庭外进行的，虽然通常公众听到和读到的 案子都是在法庭上审理的。律师在法庭上辩护的事情主要是对权益的妨 害或对发生了什么或者什么才是合法和正叉的不同表述引起的争端。律 师不仅仅为客户的权利辩护，也是宣誓过维护宪法和法律的合法从业者。

目前大多数的律师一般都是接受过大学教育的人，并且已经在法学 院完成了课程。每个州都有自己关于培训和招生的规则。在法律学校，学生们学习怎样对决策进行分析和提出1-'1题。他们学习宪法、条约、法庭决议，以及以前的案例和判决。依靠先例，我们可以有把握地安排事务，因为我们有合理的理由相信我们行为的结果。

在一些州，人们可以在一家律师事务所接受长期的培训，而不用去法律学校，在那里他可以学到别人在法律学校学到的各种技巧和基础知识。这种方法在很多年前很流行，因为那时候的教育设施很少，而且法 律体系也较简单。

当人们已经完成在法学院的正式培训后，他必须参加考试，这就是众所周知的律师资格考试，各个州可以通过该考试检验此人是否已经掌握了基本的法律。另外，申请人必须证明他有好品格。法院指定的委员会要审查他接受的家庭教育、学校教育和履历。申请人要接受面试，在他的品格被认可后，才能获得律师从业资格。

根据以上内容，回答下列问题.

A.Most of a lawyer' s work is carded out outside the courtroom.

B.The reliance on precedents permits us to plan our affairs with certainty because we can be reasonably sure of the results of our acts.

C.he helps people keep out of troubles as well as helping those who are already in trouble.

D.The lawyers should work hard to pass the bar examination.

E.where he learns the various techniques and the basic knowledge that others get in a law school.

F.A committee appointed by the court checks home training, college training and past behavior.

G.They take tests to prove their qualifications and willingness to become a lawyer.

第41题答案是 ______

C 【解析】文章第一段提到“…the lawyer can help people plan their affairs in accordance with law”.in other words提示空缺处应该是和前面内容意思对应的句子，只有C项符合题意，故选C。

第42题答案是 ______

A【解析】空格后的句子是“although the cases the public usually hears Or reads about are those that come to court”，although是转折词，说明其前面的内容应该与后面所讲的内容相反，选项A“大多 数律师的工作是在法庭外进行的”，与后面的“虽然公众通常听到和读到的案子都是在法庭上审理的”形成转折关系，故选A。

第43题答案是 ______

B【解析】文章第三段提到“They study the constitution，treaties，court decision.as well as prior ruling and：precedents”，即律师要研究以前的案子和其判决结果，因此选项B说明研究先例可以让

人们对自身行为有何种预期，符合逻辑。故选B。

第44题答案是 ______

E 【解析】文章第四段前面提到“In some states...a person may substitute a long period of training in a law office”，即以在律师事务所接受训练来代替去法律学校学习，选项C接着前半部分进一步说明了在律师事务所可以学习到什么，故选E。

第45题答案是 ______

F【解析】文章最后说到“…llle applicant is interviewed…”，即申请者的性格与教育背景等都要接受审查，选项F谈到一个由法院指定的委员会要审查申请者的家庭教育等情况，与其呼应，所以最合适。

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