2017年公共英语三级模拟题及解析（完整版）第五套

>>公共英语考试：2017年公共英语三级模拟题及解析（完整版）第五套

>>想获得公共英语精品培训指导吗？快戳链接

A language is a signaling system which operates with symbolic vocal sounds (语声), and which is used by a group of people for the purpose of communication.

Let's look at this 1 in more detail because it is language, more than anything else, 2 distinguishes man from the rest of the 3 world.

Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by 4 of cries: for

example, many birds utter 5 calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter 6 cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure. 7 these various means of communication differ in important ways 8 human language. For instance, animals' cries do not 9 thoughts and feelings clearly. This means, basically, that they lack structure. They lack the kind of structure that 10 us to divide a human utterance into 11 .

We can change an utterance by 12 one word in it with 13 : a good illustration of this is a soldier who can say, e. g., "tanks approaching from the north", 14 who can change one word and say" aircraft approaching from the north" or "tanks approaching from the west"; but a bird has a single alarm cry, 15 means "danger!"

This is why the number of 16 that an animal can make is very limited: the

great tit (山雀) is a case 17 point; it has about twenty different calls, 18 in human language the number of possible utterances is 19 . It also explains why animal cries are very 20 in meaning.

1. A. classification B. definition

C. function D. perception

2. A. that B. it

C. as D. what

3. A. native B. human

C. physical D. animal

4. A. ways B. means

C. methods D. approaches

5. A. mating B. exciting

C. warning D. boring

6. A. identical B. similar

C. different D. unfamiliar

7. A. But B. Therefore

C. Afterwards D. Furthermore

8. A. about B. with

C. from D. in

9. A. infer B. explain

C. interpret D. express

10. A. encourages B. enables

C. enforces D. ensures

11. A. speeches B. sounds

C. words D. voices

12. A. replacing B. spelling

C. pronouncing D. saying

13. A. ours B. theirs

C. another D. others

14. A. so B. and

C. but D. or

15. A. this B. that

C. which D. it

16. A. signs B. gestures

C. signals D. marks

17. A. in B. at

C. of D. for

18. A. whereas B. since

C. anyhow D. somehow

19. A. boundless B. changeable

C. limitless D. ceaseless

20. A. ordinary B. alike

C. common D. likely

答案： B C C B C C A C D B

C A C B C C A A C B

The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive "attachment" period from birth to three may scar a child's personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails, and many people do believe this. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.

Firstly, anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. For example, in some tribal societies, such as the Ngoni, the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone - far from it. Secondly, common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents, care-takers found children had problems with it. Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out, and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neutral or slightly positive effect on children's development. But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue.

But Bowlby's analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to, say, more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy, and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time. The matter, then, is far from clear-cut, though experience and available evidence indicate that early care is reasonable for infants.

练习：

1. Which of the following statements would Bowlby support?

A) Statistical studies should be carried out to assess the positive effect of day care for children at the age of three or older. www.yingyusanji.com

B) Early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in children.

C) The first three years of one's life is extremely important to the later development of personality.

D) Children under three get used to the life at nursery schools more readily than children over three.

2. Which of the following is derivable from Bowlby's work?

A) mothers should not send their children to day care centers until they are three years or older.

B) Day care nurseries have positive effects on a child's development.

C) A child sent to a day care center before the age of three may have emotional problems in later life.

D) Day care would not be so popular if it has noticeable effects on a child's personality.

3. It is suggested that modern societies differ from traditional societies in that

A) the parents-child relationship is more exclusive in modern societies.

B) a child more often grows up with his/her brothers or sisters in traditional societies.

C) mother brings up children with the help of her husband in traditional societies.

D) children in modern societies are more likely to develop mental illness in later years.

4. Which of the following statements is NOT an argument against Bowlby's theory?

A) many studies show that day care has a positive effect on children's development.

B) Day care is safe, otherwise there wouldn't be so many nursery schools.

C) Separation from parent for very young children is common in some traditional societies.

D) Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with.

5. Which of the following best expresses the writer's attitude towards early day care?

A) Children under three should stay with heir parents.

B) Early day care has positive effects on children's development.

C) The issue is controversial and its settlement calls for the use of statistics.

D) The effects of early day care on children are exaggerated and parents should ignore the issue.

Keys：CAADC

Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to dispose of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem-how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which utilizes not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bubs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well that no conventional fuel is needed to make the campus's six buildings comfortable.

Some parts of most modern buildings-theaters and offices as well as classrooms are more than amply heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned even in winter. The technique of saving heat and redistributing it is called "heat recovery." A few modern buildings recover heat, but the University's system is the first to recover heat from some buildings and re-use it in others.

Along the way, pit has learned a great deal about some of its heat producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. (76) Male students emit more heat than female students, and the larger a student, the more heat he produces. It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hardworking, overweight male genius.

1. Until recently, body heat has caused problems because it ______.

A. was difficult to collect

B. came in a variety of forms

C. was difficult to get rid of

D. tended to be absorbed by physical objects

2. Which of the following is true of the heating system of the Johnstown campus?

A. The heat is supplied by human bodies only.

B. The heat is supplied by both human bodies and other heat-emitting objects.

C. The heat is supplied by both human bodies and conventional fuel.

D. The heat is supplied by human bodies, other heat-emitting objects, and conventional fuel.

3.The phrase "even in winter" (in line 8) most nearly means ______.

A. if the winter is especially warm

B. during all of the year except the winter

C. in the winter as well as in other seasons

D. during the evenings in the winter

4. The phrase "heat recovery" refers to a ______.

A. method of concealing the source of heat

B. special form of air conditioning

C. supplementary hot water system

D. way of reclaiming and re-using heat

5. According to the passage which of the following would produce the LEAST amount of heat?

A. A fat female who studies hard.

B. A thin female who does not study.

C. A fat male who does not study.

D. A thin male who studies hard.

一、文章大意和总体结构分析

这篇文章，向我们介绍了一种全新的能量利用方式，收集人体热能用于供热。在大力提倡环保的当今社会，这种能源的回收再利用意义重大，这篇文章开阔了学生的视野。

文章的开头作者便提出身体热能这个人人皆知的概念，虽然我们知道身体会排除热量，但是却从未想过去利用这些热量。第二句作者便将读者带入一个全新的视角，即如何在生活中利用这些热量。匹兹堡大学的例子很好地证明了人体热量的利用价值。

接下来，作者比较详细地介绍了这种利用人体热量的系统，即热量回收再利用，并指出已经有一些大楼正在利用这种自然、环保的资源。

最后一段，作者向我们介绍了一项有趣的研究成果，即身体强壮、学习刻苦的男性会排放出更多的热量。

二、试题详解

1.C 答案是开头的第二句：The usual problem is how to dispose of it。Dispose of "处理解决"。

2.B 答案在第一段的第三句中。他们设计了一种收集系统，它不但利用身体的热，还收集由灯泡、冰箱等散发出来的热。有了这两种热能，作者指出在校园中已无需任何conventional fuel

3.C 第二段中说：大多数现代化的大楼有些部分-戏院、办公室以及教室是用人体和灯光的热来供热的，有时候甚至在冬天的空调也是由它们来供热。Even意为"甚至"。

4.D 回收再利用热能。此题考察学生对全文的总结能力，以及reclaim和re-use的词义。

5.B 最后一段倒数第二句说：男学生发出的热量比女生发出的热量多，学生体重越重产生的热量越多。学习刻苦的比学习不刻苦的产生的热量多。所以最瘦的女生产生的热量最少。

三、文章长难句分析

Male students emit more heat than female students, and the larger a student, the more heat he produces. 男学生散发的热量多于女学生，并且身体体积越大，产生的热量就越多。

Emit排放、散发。The more…, the more…,为固定句式，意为"越…，越…"。

四、核心词汇

no matter无论;gives off散发;conventional fuel常规燃料;heat recovery热能回收;a great

deal 大量;the more…, the more… 越…，越…

Hillary Rodham Clinton released the first television spot of her Senate campaign this morning, a 30-second commercial that will begin airing statewide on Thursday. The spot, titled "First," uses numerous still photos to highlight landmarks in Mrs. Clinton's career, while the voiceover says she is "more than a first lady."

There is no mention of Mrs. Clinton's rival for New York's Senate seat, New York Mayor Rudolph Giuliani.

Clinton campaign spokesman Howard Wolfson said the ad was "positive" and "biographical," instead of focusing on the first lady's opponent.

Mrs. Clinton has previously aired radio ads, but has generally stayed with a strategy of making extensive campaign appearances instead of using television spots, while Giuliani has already run statewide TV ads.

Text of Hillary Commercial:

First she became a lawyer, named one of the top hundred in America.

Her first cause was children, fighting abuse and chairing the board of the Children's Defense Fund.

Her first priority was public schools, helping to establish teacher testing.

More than a first lady. For 30 years, she's fought for children and families.

As New York's senator, she'll fight for better schools and heath care for children.

Hillary, Put her to work for all of us.

1. What does the word "air" in the first sentence mean?

A. dry 　　B. express 　　C. breathe 　　D. broadcast

2. What does "more than first lady" in the first paragraph suggest?

A. Hillary is not a first lady.

B. Hillary does much more than what a first lady is expected to do.

C. There are more women in America who does better than Hillary does.

D. Hillary is doing better than her husband.

3.Which of the following statement is true regarding the Senator campaign according the passage?

A. Hillary has appeared on TV shot for numerous times.

B. Hillary rarely makes her public appearance.

C. Giuliani has made TV advertisement for himself.

D. Hillary has a bigger chance to win the campaign.

4. Hillary's campaign focuses on all the flowing except_____.

A. children's health care

B. school education for children

C. combating child abuse

D. family planning policy

5.Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?

A. First Lady's Senator Campaign

B. Hillary's TV Advertisement

C. A Rivalry for New York's Senate Seat

D. The Focuses of Hillary Campaign

[难点]

1. 今早，希拉里竞选纽约州议员的电视演说拉开了序幕;Hillary Rodham Clinton：希拉里;美国现任总统克林顿夫人。Spot:(在无线电广播、电视中播出的)短小节目;commercial:宣传

2.这句话的意思是该电视节目特别播出了希拉里政绩上的一些重要照片。Highlight:突出;landmark：(具有转折意义的)重大事件

3. Voiceover：旁白;话外音

4. Biographical:关于一个人的材料的;美国，一般的竞选广告都包括竞选双方的资料，但是在该电视广告里，只播放了希拉里的资料，所以克氏竞选团的发言人说，这次广告具有肯定意义。

5. Strategy:策略

6. Abuse：虐待

[答案]

1.D

考点：该题是一个词汇题

解析：本题提问的是第一段中的"air"是什么意思。由这句话我们可以得知，希拉里今天早晨发表了她竞选纽约州议员的电视宣传;为时30分钟的电视宣传将于星期二开始进行全国播放。由该句的意思我们可以猜出"air"的意思为"播放"。所以，答案为D。而其他三个词A(晒干)，B(表达)和C(呼吸)均与原义不符，故不能入选。

2.B

考点：这是一个理解判断题。

解析：本题提问的是第一段里"more than first lady"是什么意思。在世界各地，第一夫人作为国家元首的妻子，是一国之母，她的形象一般是一个帮助总统处理好家务，并且进行一些妇女活动和慈善事业，借此来提高元首的形象。但是，希拉里作为第一夫人，她所做的超出了第一夫人的职责。她不但在社会活动中经常露脸，而且直接参与政事，开始竞选起议员来了。所以，选项B应该是该题的答案。

3.C

考点：这是一个对原文事实的理解题。

解析：本题提问的是对此次参议院竞选，以下哪一个说法是正确的。文章的第四段告诉我们，希拉里以前曾经在广播上作过宣传，但是她一直采取的战略是频频在公众场合出现，而不是使用电视宣传;与她不同的是，Giuliani已作过全国电视宣传。由该段可知，选项C为正确答案。从文章的第一句话我们可以得知，这是希拉里第一次在电视上为自己作宣传，所以，选项A和B不符合原文;此次议员竞选，花落谁手尚未分晓，所以，选项D也不能入选。

4.D

考点：这是一个对原文细节的分析判断题。

解析：本题提问的是以下哪一下不是希拉里的竞选重点。希拉里的竞选广告在文章的最后几段里;它的重点是学校教育;作者评论道，在过去的30年里，希拉里一直都在为儿童和家庭的幸福斗争。将来当了纽约的参议员，她会为孩子们的良好教育和健康保险而努力;由此我们得知，选项A(儿童健康保险)B(儿童的学校教育)和C(打击虐待儿童现象)都是她的竞选重点，只有选项D(计划生育政策)与原文不合，所以，D为本题答案。

5.A

考点：该题是一个主旨题，考的是文章的题目应该是哪一个。

解析：本文从第一夫人希拉里-克林顿为其入选纽约参议员拉开序幕讲起，对目前的竞选状况作了一个大概介绍，并且对希拉里的竞选内容作了一个介绍，同时，作者表达了他自己的观点;整篇文章以介绍她的竞选情况为主，所以，选项A(第一夫人竞选参议员)用以概括全文最为全面，因此，A为正确答案。

Directions：Read the text below. Write an essay in about 120 words， in which you should summarize the key points of the text and make comments on them. Try to use you own words.

A new survey shows that an average Chinese adult reads news and other material on smart phone app We Chat twice a day， for a total length of more than 40 minutes.

We Chat reading was included in the latest annual National Reading Survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Press and Publication (CAPP)。 According to the results， 66.4 percent of adults in China use We Chat to read， and among them， 72.9 percent read news， 67.1 percent read their friends‘ updates and 20.9 percent read material published by verified accounts.

Xu Shenyang from CAPP says consumption of special coverage on hot topics has increased significantly on We Chat， and. the platform is now offering more systematic， coherent and well rounded information.

Professor Wang Yuguang of Peking university thinks We Chat can alleviate the problem of lacking public libraries to a certain extent， but he also believes people are spending too much time on it.

Most citizen are of the opinion that reading We Chat material is better than not reading at all， while some worry about the accuracy of certain information in We Chat articles.

范文：

According to a recent survey that more and more Chinese people are spending time on reading news and other material on their cell phones，espe—cially via the popular app WeChat.It has became an controversial issue in the society.

Advocates said that it Can increasing public reading and inspire people to pay more attention tO public affairs via the WeChat news.Since lacking of reading has became a great issue in modem society，people need to appreci— ate any way that Can inspire US to read.protesters said people are spending too much time on it and they worry about the accuracy of certain information in WeChat articles.

As far as I anl concemed，people should take a accurate attitude towards Wechat.People Can read via Wechat to get systematic，coherent and well—rounded information information but do not spent too much time on it.

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