2020年备考研究生英语基础试题8

>>考研模拟题：2020年备考研究生英语基础试题8

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①Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? ②The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.

①California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. ②It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.

①The court would be recklessly modest if it followed California’s advice. ②Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justices can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.

①They should start by discarding California’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone—a vast storehouse of digital information—is similar to, say, rifling through a suspect’s purse. ②The court has ruled that police don’t violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee without a warrant. ③But exploring one’s smartphone is more like entering his or her home. ④A smartphone may contain an arrestee’s reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. ⑤The development of “cloud computing,” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.

①Americans should take steps to protect their digital privacy. ②But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. ③Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitution’s prohibition on unreasonable searches.

①As so often is the case, stating that principle doesn’t ease the challenge of line-drawing. ②In many cases, it would not be overly onerous for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents. ③They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while a warrant is pending. ④The court, though, may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more freedom.

①But the justices should not swallow California’s argument whole. ②New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitution’s protections. ③Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a virtual necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.

26. The Supreme Court will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to_______.

[A] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents

[B] search for suspects’ mobile phones without a warrant

[C] check suspects’ phone contents without being authorized

[D]prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones

27. The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of_______.

[A] disapproval

[B] indifference

[C] tolerance

[D]cautiousness

28. The author believes that exploring one’s phone contents is comparable to_______.

[A] getting into one’s residence

[B] handling one’s historical records

[C] scanning one’s correspondences

[D] going through one’s wallet

29. In Paragraphs 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that_______.

[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed

[B] the court is giving police less room for action

[C] citizens’ privacy is not effectively protected

[D] phones are used to store sensitive information

30. Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that_______.

[A] the Constitution should be implemented flexibly

[B] new technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution

[C]California’s argument violates principles of the Constitution

[D]principles of the Constitution should never be altered

【答案】

C 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. B

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