2019年考研英语基础练习题11

>>考研英语试题：2019年考研英语基础练习题11

>>考研英语私人订制课程

Passage Four

One of Britain’s bravest women told yesterday how she helped to catch suspected (可疑的) police killer David Bieber—and was thanked with flowers by the police. It was also said that she could be in line for a share of up to the ￡30,000 reward money。

Vicki Brown, 30, played a very important role in ending the nationwide manhunt. Vicki, who has worked at the Royal Hotel for four years, told of her terrible experience when she had to steal into Bieber’s bedroom and to watch him secretly. Then she waited alone for three hours while armed police prepared to storm the building。

She said: “I was very nervous. But when I opened the hotel door and saw 20 armed policemen lined up in the car park I was so glad they were there. ”

The alarm had been raised because Vicki became suspicious (怀疑) of the guest who checked in at 3 pm the day before New Year’s Eve with little luggage and wearing sunglasses and a hat pulled down over his face. She said: “He didn’t seem to want to talk too much and make any eye contact (接触). ” Vicki, the only employee on duty, called her boss Margaret, 64, and husband Stan McKale, 65, who phoned the police at 11 pm。

Officers from Northumbria Police called Vicki at the hotel in Dunston, Gateshead, at about 11:30 pm to make sure that this was the wanted man. Then they kept in touch by phoning Vicki every 15 minutes。

“It was about ten past two in the morning when the phone went again and a policeman said ’Would you go and make yourself known to the armed officers outside?’ My heart missed a beat. ”

Vicki quietly showed eight armed officers through passages and staircases to the top floor room and handed over the key。

“I realized that my bedroom window overlooks that part of the hotel, so I went to watch. I could not see into the man’s room, but I could see the passage. The police kept shouting at the man to come out with his hands showing. Then suddenly he must have come out because they shouted for him to lie down while he was handcuffed (带上手铐). ”

a 36. The underlined phrase “be in line for” (paragraph 1) means 。

A. get B. be paid C. ask for D. own

b 37. Vicki became suspicious of David Bieber because 。

A. the police called her

B. he looked very strange

C. he came to the hotel with little luggage

D. he came to the hotel the day before New Year’s Eve

b 38. Vicki’s heart missed a beat because 。

A. the phone went again

B. she would be famous

C. the policemen had already arrived

D. she saw 20 policemen in the car park

d 39. David Bieber was most probably handcuffed in 。

A. the passage B. the man’s room

C. Vicki’s bedroom D. the top floor room

b 40. The whole event probably lasted about hours from the moment Bieber came to the hotel to the arrival of some armed officers。

A. 6 B. 8 C. 11 D. 14

Passage4

36. [答案]A

[解析]词汇题。根据上下文是她可能会得到这个奖赏，be in line for 意为“有可能获得……”

37. [答案]B

[解析]事实细节题。 第四段“The alarm had been raised because Vicki became suspicious (怀疑) of the guest who checked in at 3 pm the day before New Year’s Eve with little luggage and wearing sunglasses and a hat pulled down over his face. ” She said: “He didn’t seem to want to talk too much and make any eye contact (接触). ”中综述了Vicki认为的所有的疑点，选项C和D只是片面的。

38. [答案]C

[解析]事实细节题。根据第六段‘Would you go and make yourself known to the armed officers outside?’. 可知警察已经到了，因此选项C为正确答案。

39. [答案]A

[解析]事实细节题。根据最后一段Vicki 说 “I could not see into the man’s room, but I could see the passage. … Then suddenly he must have come out because they shouted for him to lie down while he was handcuffed (带上手铐). ”

40. [答案]C

[解析]事实细节题。通过第四段可找到Bieber进宾馆的时间是3pm，根据倒数第三段可知警察到达的时间是凌晨2点10分，因此正确答案为C。

SectionB

Directions：In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For questions41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A~G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps。(10points)

Researchers have found that drugs used to treat human seizures can delay aging in worms by as much as 50 percent. The roundworms used for the study are similar to humans in their molecular makeup, raising the possibility that the drugs could also extend the life span of humans。

研究者们最近发现治疗人类突发性疾病的药对于延长人类的寿命也有帮助。研究者们对蛔虫使用了这种药，结果发现蛔虫的寿命增加了50%。使用蛔虫作为研究对象是非常有意义的，因为蛔虫在很多重要方面与人类都颇为相似，尤其是在基因和蛋白质的构成方面。研究中使用的药物已经在人类的实际生活中被使用过了，特别是抗癫痫药。这种药同样也会增加蛔虫的神经肌肉活动，研究者们认为这种活动与延缓衰老同样有着某种联系。

41. [答案]E

[解析]空前文字提出了文章的主题，也就是概括性地介绍了文章的内容：“一项研究表明治疗人类突发性疾病的药物能延缓虫子的衰老，由于人类的分子结构与虫子相似，所以有可能这种药物也能延缓人类的衰老”。只有选项E继续概括性地介绍了文章的内容：“这项研究同样也表明神经肌肉活动与衰老有关系”。

41 c

“By finding a class of drugs that delays aging we have found a relationship between the function of the nervous system and aging that was not well understood, ” said Kerry Komfeld, a geneticist at the Washington

University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri. The findings are detailed this week in the journal Science。

The discovery came out of the thesis work by one of Komfeld’s graduate students, Kimberley Evason. About four years ago, Evason began exposing groups of the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans to commercially available drugs to see if the drugs would delay aging or promote longevity。

42. [答案]F

[解析]空前文字概括介绍了Evason的实验，只有选项F非常清楚地描述了实验对象，并说明为什么使用这个实验对象的原因。这实际上都是介绍实验的一部分。

42b

Over eight months the scientists tested 20 drugs, all with negative results. Finally they tested the anticonvulsant drug ethosuzimide. Researchers found that the drug extended the life span of roundworms from 16. 7 days to 19. 6 days, a 17 percent increase。

43. [答案]B

[解析]空前文字一直提到实验的进程和结果，选项B进一步提到了这次实验的结果。同现原则，这一空的正确选项应该是B。

43 e

The discovery that the drugs extend the life span of roundworms could have important implications fox human aging as well. There are strong similarities on the molecular level between the proteins and genes that

constitute the worm and those that make up other animals, including humans。

“Many basic processes are highly related, including neural function, insulin signaling, and probably important aspects of the aging process, ” Komfeld said. “There’s every reason to think that these animals an a good model for higher animals, such as people. ”

44. [答案]A

[解析]空前文字提到：“有理由相信这种实验结论对更高级的动物，如人类，也同样适用”。所以这一空应该继续谈到实验结果对人类究竟是不是适用的问题。选项A提到：“但是科学家们目前还不知道究竟对人类是不是适用，除非也在人类身上做相同的实验”。显然，选项A最合适。

44a

Ethosuzimide, which was developed in the 1950s, is commonly used to treat epilepsy, though it is no known precisely how the drug controls convulsions. There is no anecdotal evidence that it has had an anti-aglng effect in people. The next step, Komfeld says, is to test if the drugs have an anti-aging effect on animal like flies and mice。

Very little is known about the aging process. From genetic analysis, researchers have found that an in sulin-like signaling system regulates aging and longevity. A good diet can delay aging and extend a person life span. But scientists know virtually nothing about the effect of drugs on aging. “It’s a big void, ” Konfeld said。

In addition to delaying age-related degenerative changes, the drugs also increased neuromuscular activty, suggesting a link between the neuromuscular system and the aging process。

45. [答案]D

[解析]空前文字提到了另一个问题：神经肌肉活动与延缓衰老的问题;只有选项D继续提到了这个问题，所以选D。

45g

There may also be other targets not yet explored that affect aging and neuromuscular function. Said Kornfeld: “The process of aging remains mysterious. ”

A. But Komfeld said scientists will not know about the applicability of the drugs in humans until a similar study is done on humans. “What’s very encouraging is that these drugs were developed to treat humans, and they are well understood, because they’ve been used for a long time, ” he said。

B. Later the scientists discovered that two related anticonvulsant drugs also lengthened the lives of the worms-in the case of one drug, by almost 50 percent. “This was a big surprise to use, Komfeld said. ”“We didn’t think anticonvulsant drugs had any particular relationship to aging. That connection was completely unexpected. ”

C. Roundworms are a poor subject for experiments, because they are not like humans, even though their molecules are similar. For example, they have no bones, nor do they show emotions, making it difficult to know how exactly human subjects would react to these drugs in large quantities. However, using the worms allows experiments to be conducted quickly, because they do not live for long。

D. “Somehow the neural activity seems to regulate the aging of all of the body the skin, musculature, and reproductive tract, ” Kornfeld said. “Somehow the nervous system coordinates the progress of all these tissues, evidently, though the life stages. But we don’t know how it does that. ”

E. The discovery may also shed light on the little-understood aging process. Since the drugs act on the neuromuscular systems of both humans and worms, the findings hint at a link between neural activity and aging。

F. Unlike vertebrates, the worms are ideal subjects for the study of aging because of their short life spans, which last only a couple of weeks in a laboratory. The worm is well known in genetics, and the worm’s genome has been sequenced。

G. Use of this drug has been permitted by law since 1998 and wider use is now expected as a result of the studies. “We can clearly link this drug with human aging, but we still need to find proof, says Kornfeld optimistically. ”

选项C：该选项指出：“蛔虫实际上并不是理想的实验对象，因为蛔虫不是人类，尽管两者分子结构相同。”显然，这个选项与原文主旨完全背离。连实验对象都是错误的话，文章的结论就更加不可能是正确的。这个选项应该排除。

选项G：该选项指出：“这种药物已经用于延缓人类衰老了，虽然还需要更多的证据来证明这种药物真的会起作用”。这种论点显然是不对的;没有做过实验怎么能够就冒然使用呢?而且与文中提到的“目前还没有在人类身上做实验”这一点完全相左。这个选项也是明显的干扰选项。

SectionB

PartⅢ Translation

Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET。(15points)

Last Sunday，China’s central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan said if necessary，the nation will consider widening the yuan’s trading band。

上周日，中国中央银行行长周小川表示，如果有必要，中国将考虑扩大人民币的交易区间。

But any change in the yuan’s floating band will depend on the global economic situation and it’s not the only tool the country would use to make its currency more flexible，Zhou said at the Group of 20 meeting in Cape Town，South Africa。

周小川在南非开普敦召开的20国集团会议上说，调整人民币浮动汇率区间决定于世界经济形势，而且这也不是国家增强货币弹性的唯1工具。

China widened the yuan’s daily trading band against the U.S. dollar from plus or minus 0. 3 percent to 0. 5 percent in May。

五月，中国人民币对美元汇率的日波幅从±0. 3%扩大到±0. 5%。

However，market observers said some commercial banks are ordered by the central bank to hand in reserve requirements in foreign currencies next week，which will translate into demand for the U.S. dollar. This will somehow help slow down RMB’S appreciation against the greenback in the coming few days。

然而，市场观察家认为，各商业性银行服从中央银行的命令将从下周起加强外汇储备。这将影响市场对美元的需求，在未来一段时间内缓和人民币对美元汇率的升值速度。

PartⅣ Writing

Section A

Directions: Write a letter of application for the position an Director of a Computer-Aided Learning Center. Try to make the letter interesting and show that you have enthusiasm for the job. Also state the qualifications you have for the job and your work experience. (10points)

Section B

Directions：Study the following pie chart carefully and write an essay based on the tips:

(1) Describe the picture。

(2) Show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the picture below。

(3) Give your opinions or advice。

You should write at least 150 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (15points)

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