剑桥雅思阅读4原文(test4)内容及解析

Question 1

答案：TRUE

关键词：record,1900

定位原文：第1段第1句“Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run, how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects, themselves included, through space.”

解题思路：“自从20世纪早期国际田联开始记录成绩以来……”，题干说现代官方运动员记录始于大约1900年。因此答案为TRUE。

Question 2

答案：NOT GIVEN

关键词：before the twen?tieth century

定位原文：第1段第1句“Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run, how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive objects, themselves included, through space.”

解题思路：很明显体感说的与原文说的相反，故答案为FALSE。

Question 3

答案：FALSE

关键词：burst of energy

定位原文：第1段第2-3句“For the so-called power…In the endurance events the results have been more dramatic.”

解题思路：体感说运动员的成绩提高幅度最大的项目是需要爆发力强的项目，而原文说的是在持久项目中，运动成绩提高得更多。故答案为FALSE。

Question 4

答案：FALSE

关键词：genetics

定位原文：第3段第1-2句“Identifying genetically talented individuals is only the first step. Michael Yessis, an emeritus professor of Sports Science at California State University at Fullerton, maintains that 'genetics only determines about one third of what an athlete can do.”

解题思路：题干说的是基因在运动员的表现上起完全充分的作用。而文中说的很明显是只有大概三分之一的决定因素。故正确答案为FALSE。

Question 5

答案：NOT GIVEN

关键词：parents of top athletes

定位原文：无

解题思路：题干中说顶尖运动员的父母通常也是很成功的运动员。而文中并未提到。

Question 6

答案：TRUE

关键词：gifted athletes, younger age

定位原文：第2段第3句“Over the past century, the composition of… be identified early.”

解题思路：题干中说运动不断提升的国际重要性意味着有天分的运动员有可能被发现的更早。定位句中最后也说道因此现在比以往更有可能尽早发现那些独具运动员基因的个体。故正确答案是TRUE。

Question 7

答案：genetics

关键词：American runners

定位原文：第3段第4句“Yessis believes that U.S. runners, despite their impressive achievements, are 'running on their genetics.”

解题思路：根据大写字母American runners定位到原文第3段第4句，可知答案为genetics。

Question 8

答案：power

关键词：former Soviet Union

定位原文：第3段最后一句“These methods include strength training that duplicates what they are doing in their running events as well as plyometrics, a technique pioneered in the former Soviet Union.”

解题思路：据大写字母former Soviet Union定位到原文第3段最后1句，原文的表述是前苏联率先应用plyometrics来训练运动员，结合第4段首句：plyometrics focuses on increasing power，因此答案为power。

Question 9

答案：injuries

关键词：inadequate diet

定位原文：第5段最后1句“Few coaches, for instance, understand how deficiencies in trace minerals can lead to injuries.”

解题思路：根据inadequate diet定位到原文第5段最后l句，该段主要讲营养方面对于运动员得到影响。最后一句明确指出，...deficiency in trace mineral can lead to injuries，因此答案为injuries。

Question 10

答案：training

关键词：key, setting

定位原文：第6段第1句“Focused training will also play a role in enabling records to be broken.”

解题思路：根据题目顺序在原文第6段中找到答案及第2句，即打破记录的关键因素为training。

Question 11

答案：A

关键词：Biomechanics films

定位原文：第7段第2句至第4句“A biomechanic films an athlete…high jumpers.”

解题思路：此题根据专有名词Biomechanics films定位到原文第7段，这一段倒数第2句说到Dapena用这些方法帮助跳髙运动员。故正确答案为A。

Question 12

答案：D

关键词：Biomechanics specialists/Fosbury flop

定位原文：第8段第2句至第4句“For example, during the 1968… own mathematical simulations.”

解题思路：此题根据4个选项中共有的大写字母词汇Fosbury flop迅速定位到原文第8段第2句至第4句，原文的表述是：……生物力学专家后来对他的方法进行了分析，并理解了这一方法。答案为D。

Question 13

答案：B

关键词：John S. Raglin

定位原文：最后1段第2句及第3句“'Once you study athletics, … our understanding in many cases is fundamental.”

解题思路：原文的表述是：印第安纳大学的运动心理学家John S. Raglin说：“核心表现不是更高，更快，更强这一简单或者平凡的事。有很多的变数进人这一方程式，我们对很多案例的理解都是最基本(fundamental)的。我们还有很长的路要走。”因此答案为B。

Question 14

答案：YES

关键词：creativity, investigative work

定位原文：第1段第1句“Archaeology is partly the discovery of the treasures of the past, partly the careful work of the scientific analyst, partly the exercise of the creative imagination.”

解题思路：题目说考古学既包括创新也包括认真的分析调査工作。原文：考古学部分是对过去财富的发现，部分是科学分析的严谨工作，部分是创造性想像的练习，因此答案为TURE。

Question 15

答案：NOT GIVEN

关键词：ancient languages

定位原文：无

解题思路：题目说考古学家必须能够翻译古代语言文本。原文没有提及题目的内容，因此答案为NOT GIVEN。