2019年GRE阅读备考试题：动荡的时代背景

>>GRE考试模拟题：2019年GRE阅读备考试题：动荡的时代背景

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Unlike most Jane Austen scholarship before 1980, much recent scholarship analyzes the novels of Austen, who lived from 1775 to 1817, in the context of Austen’s tumultuous times, which saw the French and American revolutions and the Napoleonic Wars. Yet Frantz notes another revolution, rarely mentioned in Austen scholarship: the Great Masculine Renunciation that altered conventions in men’s dress and behavior. During the later eighteenth century, wealthy gentlemen exchanged the velvets and satins long in fashion for somber woolen suits. Frantz contends that this change reflected deeper cultural changes. The value once placed on men’s expressiveness, reflected in Mackenzie’s novel The Man of Feeling (1771), gave way to a preference for emotional restraint. In Austen’s novels, the heroine often struggles to glimpse the true nature of hero beneath his reserved exterior.

1. The author of the passage mentions The Man of Feeling (1771) in order to

A. contrast Mackenzie’s reasons for writing novels with those of Austen

B. introduce evidence regarding the influence of particular writers on Austen

C. corroborate a claim that a convention of masculine behavior changed during Austen’s lifetime

D. suggest that Austen’s novels were more reflective of their historical context than Mackenzie’s had been

E. challenge a particular misconception about the modes of behavior common among gentlemen in the later eighteenth century

2. The passage suggests which of the following about scholarship on Jane Austen?

A. Much recent scholarship has begun to place greater emphasis on gender conventions governing men’s behavior during Austen’s lifetime.

B. Some scholarship has debated whether Austen’s novels depict emotional restraint as an admiral quality.

C. Certain scholars argue that Austen’s novels do not accurately reflect cultural changes during Austen’s lifetime that changed the way gentlemen dressed and behaved.

D. After 1980, scholarship on Austen shifted toward a greater emphasis on the historical context in which she wrote.

E. With few exceptions, recent scholarship depicts Austen as a writer who had little interest in the tumultuous events of her time.

P10

1

Unlike most Jane Austen scholarship before 1980, much recent scholarship analyzes the novels of Austen, who lived from 1775 to 1817, in the context of Austen’s tumultuous times, which saw the French and American revolutions and the Napoleonic Wars.

不像 1980 年以前多数关于 J A 的研究著作，晚近的分析大多把生活在 1775 - 1817 年代的 A 的作品，放在她所处的动荡的时代背景中，其中可以看到法国和美国的革命，以及拿破仑战争。

2

Yet Frantz notes another revolution, rarely mentioned in Austen scholarship: the Great Masculine Renunciation that altered conventions in men’s dress and behavior.

而 F 注意到在 A 学中鲜有提及的另一场变革：放弃大男子主义运动，它改变了男性着装和行为的传统。

(

Great Masculine Renunciation 放弃大男子主义运动，是一种不确切的字面译法，中文似乎没有对这项运动的标准译法，在英文中很可能指的是：

Great Male Rununciation

The Great Male Renunciation is the historical phenomenon at the end of the 18th century for menswear to stop using brilliant or refined forms, which were left to women's clothing.[1] Coined by psychoanalyst John Flügel in 1930, it is considered a major turning point in the history of clothing in which the men relinquish their claim to adornment and beauty.[2] The Great Renunciation encouraged the establishment of the suit's monopoly on male dress codes at the beginning of the 19th century.

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Male_Renunciation)

)

3

During the later eighteenth century, wealthy gentlemen exchanged the velvets and satins long in fashion for somber woolen suits.

十八世纪晚期，富裕的绅士用暗色羊绒套装，替换掉流行了很久的天鹅绒和缎子。

3.5

Frantz contends that this change reflected deeper cultural changes.

F 认为这种替换反应了更深层次的文化变革。

4

The value once placed on men’s expressiveness, reflected in Mackenzie’s novel The Man of Feeling (1771), gave way to a preference for emotional restraint.

在 M 的小说 The Man of Feeling 反应出的，认为男性主动表现才能体现其价值，变得更偏向于情感克制。

5

In Austen’s novels, the heroine often struggles to glimpse the true nature of hero beneath his reserved exterior.

在 A 的小说中，女主角往往竭力要瞥见男主人公保守外表下的真性情。

1. The author of the passage mentions The Man of Feeling (1771) in order to

A. contrast Mackenzie’s reasons for writing novels with those of Austen

B. introduce evidence regarding the influence of particular writers on Austen

C. corroborate a claim that a convention of masculine behavior changed during Austen’s lifetime

D. suggest that Austen’s novels were more reflective of their historical context than Mackenzie’s had been

E. challenge a particular misconception about the modes of behavior common among gentlemen in the later eighteenth century

选 C

确认一种观点，传统的男性行为在 A 的时代改变了。

2. The passage suggests which of the following about scholarship on Jane Austen?

A. Much recent scholarship has begun to place greater emphasis on gender conventions governing men’s behavior during Austen’s lifetime.

B. Some scholarship has debated whether Austen’s novels depict emotional restraint as an admiral quality.

C. Certain scholars argue that Austen’s novels do not accurately reflect cultural changes during Austen’s lifetime that changed the way gentlemen dressed and behaved.

D. After 1980, scholarship on Austen shifted toward a greater emphasis on the historical context in which she wrote.

E. With few exceptions, recent scholarship depicts Austen as a writer who had little interest in the tumultuous events of her time.

选 D

1980 年后，A 学把研究重点转移到她所处的时代背景。正确。

A 错。A 学重点，永远是研究 A，即便研究 A 所处的时代，也最终是为了解释 A 作品中所表现出的某种对时代的应和，而不是为了研究那个时代，否则就成了历史学，而不是 A 学。

B 未知信息。文段只通过尾句，确认了 A 小说男主有一种保守的外在特征，reserved exterior，没有提到有人 debate whether bla bla bla 。

C 未知信息。同 B 。

E 看不到 exceptions，也看不出 A had little interest in events of her time 。

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