GRE考试阅读模拟训练：叙梦寓言诗

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There are many structural and thematic similarities between Piers Plowman by Langland (1330-1400) and House of Fame by Chaucer (1342-1400), two Middle English poems relating dream visions. Some critics have argued that because a number of the shared elements are uncommon in Middle English poetry, and because Langland’s poem probably predates Chaucer’s by a few years, Chaucer was most likely influenced by Piers Plowman when writing House of Fame.

5. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the critics’ argument?

A. Piers Plowman is one of Langland’s major works, whereas House of Fame is a minor work of Chaucer’s.

B. House of Fame survives in only three manuscript copies, substantially fewer than the number of manuscript copies that exist of Piers Plowman.

C. Because Piers Plowman became a well-known work in its day, it is likely that the similarities between it and House of Fame were detected by many of the people who read House of Fame soon after Chaucer wrote it.

D. Many of the themes and structures of Piers Plowman are also found in Latin, Italian, French works with which Chaucer could well have been familiar.

E. There is no evidence that Chaucer and Langland ever met or that they corresponded with each other about literary topics.

1

There are many structural and thematic similarities between Piers Plowman by Langland (1330-1400) and House of Fame by Chaucer (1342-1400), two Middle English poems relating dream visions.

L(1330 - 1400)的 < Piers Plowman > 和 C (1342 - 1400)的 < House of Fame > 这两首 dream visions(叙梦寓言诗)，在结构与主题上有很多相似。

dream vision

A narrative poem, especially in medieval literature, in which the main character falls asleep and experiences events having allegorical, didactic, or moral significance.

叙梦寓言诗：叙事诗，尤指在中世纪文学中的叙事诗，其中主要人物入睡后经历有谕意的说教性的或有道德意义的事件

【AHD】

)

2

Some critics have argued that because a number of the shared elements are uncommon in Middle English poetry, and because Langland’s poem probably predates Chaucer’s by a few years, Chaucer was most likely influenced by Piers Plowman when writing House of Fame.

一些评论者认为，因为 Middle English poetry 中很少见到这两首诗共有的某些元素，且 L 的诗也许完成得比 C 早若干年，所以 C 很可能在写 < House of Fame > 时受到了 < Piers Plowman > 的影响。

5. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the critics’ argument?

A. Piers Plowman is one of Langland’s major works, whereas House of Fame is a minor work of Chaucer’s.

B. House of Fame survives in only three manuscript copies, substantially fewer than the number of manuscript copies that exist of Piers Plowman.

C. Because Piers Plowman became a well-known work in its day, it is likely that the similarities between it and House of Fame were detected by many of the people who read House of Fame soon after Chaucer wrote it.

D. Many of the themes and structures of Piers Plowman are also found in Latin, Italian, French works with which Chaucer could well have been familiar.

E. There is no evidence that Chaucer and Langland ever met or that they corresponded with each other about literary topics.

选 D

削弱题。选一项，能够最有力地削弱文段陈述的 argument 。

先再磨叽一遍基础，argument 在 GRE 语文中，通常指一种用理由 reasons 或证据 evidence 支撑结论 conclusions 的过程。本题通过提出竞争性解释 rival causes 的方式削弱论证，所谓竞争性解释，就是针对已知的结论，提出另一种合理的解释，从而使原论证失去唯一的有效性，是为削弱。

先找 critics' argument 的理由和结论。

结论在句 2 最后分句：C 诗受了 L 诗的影响。

D

像 P P 这样主题与结构，在拉丁语，意大利语，法语作品中很常见，C 可能也熟悉这些作品(而受到了影响)。

显然 D 提供了另一种解释，削弱了 C 受 L 影响的结论。

本题比较明显，其他几个不翻译了，有异议的来 confront me，等里。

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