天津卷高考英语真题及答案分享4

>>高考真题：天津卷高考英语真题及答案分享4

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C

This month, Germany’s transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(自主驾驶车辆). They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.

The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.

Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property(财产)damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel—to check email, say—the car’s maker is responsible if there is a crash. “The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.

Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. “The liability(法律责任)issue is the biggest one of them all,” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.

An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduced earlier this year, insists that a human “be watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment. But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars’, people expect driverless cars,” Merat says. “You know—no driver.”

Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without human operation. Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and

Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched. That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.

46.What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A.A place where cars often break down.

B.A case where passing a law is impossible.

C.An area where no driving is permitted.

D.A situation where drivers’ role is not clear.

47.The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to ______.

A.stop people from breaking traffic rules

B.help promote fully automatic driving

C.protect drivers of all ages and races

D.prevent serious property damage

48.What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars?

A.It should get the attention of insurance companies.

B.It should be the main concern of law makers.

C.It should not cause deadly traffic accidents.

D.It should involve no human responsibility.

49.Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in ______.

A.Singapore

B.the UK

C.the US

D.Germany

50.What could be the best title for the passage?

A.Autonomous Driving: Whose Liability?

B.Fully Automatic Cars: A New Breakthrough

C.Autonomous Vehicles: Driver Removed!

D.Driverless Cars: Root of Road Accidents

D

I read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives waiting. But where are we doing all of this waiting, and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours? To understand the issue, let’s take a look at three types of “waits”.

The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubt the most annoying of all. Take filling up the kitchen sink(洗碗池)as an example. There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until it’s full. During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks. This kind of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless.

A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait. This one requires a bit of discipline. Properly preparing packaged noodle soup requires a Forced Wait. Directions are very specific. “Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer three minutes, remove from heat, let stand five minutes.” I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires patience. Perhaps the most powerful type of waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait. This type of wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntary. Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen.

Turning one’s life into a waiting game requires faith and hope, and is strictly for the optimists among us. On the surface it seems as ridiculous as following the directions on soup mixes, but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves those who are willing to do it. As long as one doesn’t come to rely on it, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody.

We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting. The next time you’re standing at the sink waiting for it to fill while cooking noodle soup that you’ll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, don’t be desperate. You’re probably just as busy as the next guy.

51.While doing a Watched-Pot Wait, we tend to ______.

A.keep ourselves busy

B.get absent-minded

C.grow anxious

D.stay focused

52.What is the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched-Pot Wait?

A.The Forced Wait requires some self-control.

B.The Forced Wait makes people passive.

C.The Watched-Pot Wait needs directions.

D.The Watched-Pot Wait engages body and brain.

53.What can we learn about the Lucky-Break Wait?

A.It is less voluntary than the Forced Wait.

B.It doesn’t always bring the desired result.

C.It is more fruitful than the Forced Wait.

D.It doesn’t give people faith and hope.

54.What does the author advise us to do the next time we are waiting?

A.Take it seriously.

B.Don’t rely on others.

C.Do something else.

D.Don’t lose heart.

55.The author supports his view by ______.

A.exploring various causes of “waits”

B.describing detailed processes of “waits”

C.analyzing different categories of “waits”

D.revealing frustrating consequences of “waits”

【答案】

46.D 47.B 48.D 49.C 50.A 51.B 52.A 53.B 54.D 55.C

以上就是小编整理的天津卷高考英语的真题和答案，希望各位考生能够先做完后再对答案，看看自己的知识水平欠缺在哪里，进行查漏补缺。如果还想了解更多2019备考高考知识点，请登录坦途网高考考试频道，我们还有很多高考模拟题的分享哦~