2018年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案

>>英语四级考试：2018年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案

>>英语四级精选班

Section A

Directions： In this section， there is a passage with ten blanks。 You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage。 Read the passage through carefully before making your choices。 Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter。 Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre。 You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once。

Since the 1940s，southern California has had a reputation for smog。 Things are not as bad as they once were but， according to the American Lung Association， Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 。Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center， an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains， one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze(霾)。Nor is the state’s bad air 27 to its south。 Fresno， in the central valley， comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution。 Residents’ hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 。

All of which， combined with California’s reputation as the home of technological 29 ，makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 。And that is just what Aclima， a new firm in San Francisco， has been doing over the past few months。 It has been trying out monitoring that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution。 Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings， including offices。

To this end， Aclima has been 33 with Google’s Street View system。 Davida Herzl， Aclima’s boss， says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34 were forced to use their cars。 Conversely， “cycle to work” days have done their job by 35 pollution lows。

A) assisted I) inhabitants

B) collaborating J) innovation

C) consequence K) intended

D) consumers L) outdoor

E) creating M) pollutants

F) detail N) restricted

G) domestic O) sum

H) frequently

Section C

Direction： There are 2 passages in this section。 Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statement。 For each of them there are four choice and our marked A)，B)，C) and D)。You should decide on the best choice and nark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet2 with a single line through the centre。

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage。

Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary。 We know the risk of dementia (痴呆) increases with age。 But if you have memory slips， you probably needn’t worry。 There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss。

After age 50， it’s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people， places and thing quickly， says Dr。 Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Woman’s Hospital in Boston。

The brain ages just like the rest of the body。 Certain parts shrink， especially areas in the brain that are important to learning， memory and planning。 Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain。 And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow。

Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie， for example， is nothing to worry about。 But if you forget the plot of the movie or don’t remember even seeing it， that’s far more concerning， Daffner says。

When you forget entire experiences， he says， that’s “a red flag that something more serious may be involved。” Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven， or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you’ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong。

But even then， Daffner says， people shouldn’t panic。 There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss， including health problems like temporary stoppage of

Defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain’s cognitive (认知的) reserve， Daffner says。

“Read books， go to movies， take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways，” he says。 In other words， keep your brain busy and working。 And also get physically active， because exercise is a known brain booster。

46。 Why does the author say that one needn’t be concerned about memory slips?

A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia。

B) They occur only among certain groups of people。

C) Not all of them are related to one’s age。

D) They are quite common among fifty-year-olds。

47。 What happens as we become aged according to the passage?

A) Our interaction skills deteriorate。

B) Some parts of our brain stop functioning。

C) Communication within our brain weakens。

D) Our whole brain starts shrinking。

48。 Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously?

A) Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines。

B) Inability to recall details of one’s life experiences。

C) Failure to remember the names of movies or actors。

D) Occasionally confusing the addresses of one’s friends。

49。 What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?

A) Check the brain’s cognitive reserve。

B) Turn to a professional for assistance。

C) Stop medications affecting memory。

D) Exercise to improve their well-being。

50。 What is Dr Daffner’s advice for combating memory loss?

A) Having regular physical and mental checkups。

B) Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain。

C) Engaging in known memory repair activities。

D) Staying active both physically and mentally。

Passage One

46.

A. Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.

【定位】memory slips 文章第1段

【解析】文章第1段第二句提到了memory slips，作者说如果你有了memory slips你可能不用担心，因为，dementia(痴呆)的症状和记忆衰退中间的区别相当明显。因此选择A不是所有记忆衰退的征兆都意味着痴呆。BC无中生有，D偷梁换柱，文中讲的是after age 50, 不是among。

47.

C. Communication within our brain weakens.

【定位】We become aged,定位到第三段。

【解析】文中提到changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain脑细胞的这些变化会影响到脑中不同区域的沟通。因此选C。A选项无中生有，利用常识进行干扰，B偷梁换柱原文只是提到shrink而不是stop functioning，D偷梁换柱Certain parts shrink而不是whole brain

48.

A. Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.

【定位】根据symptom定位到文中第四段和第五段。

【解析】文中提到when you forget entire experiences, that’s a red flag.当忘记整个的经验时需要严肃对待了，然后举了不知道怎么用微波炉的例子，也就是忘记了整个的日常流程one’s daily routines选择A选项。B选项具体细节、C选项电影和演员名称都属于日常事务细节，文中提到这些是老年的正常现象。D选项偷梁换柱，文中并没有提到是occasionally偶尔忘记。

49.

D. Exercise to improve their well-being.

【定位】根据题目找记忆力衰退的应对措施，定位到倒数第二段。

【解析】文中倒数第二段提到人们应该想办法增强认知储存能力(cognitive reserve)，而最佳的办法在最后一段提到exercise is a known brain booster锻炼是最佳的方法，因此选D。A选项偷梁换柱，原文为building up，BC无中生有。

50.

D. Staying active both physically and mentally.

【定位】Dr. Daffern’s advice定位到最后一段

【解析】该段前半部分举例子说明keep your brain busy and working，后面提到also get physically active因此作者在说让精神(brain)和身体(physical)都要保持活力，答案选D。A选项张冠李戴，having exercise 而不是having checkup。B选项无中生有，C选项张冠李戴并非修复(repair)而是建立认知储存(reserve)能力。

Passage Two

51.

C. They all experienced terrible misfortunes.

【定位】 the three Olympic class ships 定位到第1段

【解析】文中最后一句提到，but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates但他们似乎都被厄运所诅咒，与选项C对应，它们都遭受了不幸。选项A偷梁换柱，文中说的是they were marvels of sea engineering而不是 they performed，BD选项无中生有。

52.

B. The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.

【定位】White Star Line 定位到第二段。

【解析】文中提到WSL decided to focus on making them the most luxurious ships on the water这个人打算把它们打造成水上最豪华的船只。选项ACD都是关于船只的航行能力而非奢华程度，选项B乘客能享受到的最舒服的服务，与原文相近，所以选B。

53.

A. It was a mere piece of decoration.

【定位】根据fourth stack定位到文中第四段。

【解析】文中提到but the fourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no functional purpose但fourth stack实际上只是艺术品而没有实际的功能。因此答案选A基本上只是装饰品。BCD选项无中生有。

54.

D. The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.

【定位】根据tragic of Titanic and Britannic定位到第四段最后一句。

【解析】文中提到they were all designed with double hulls 两艘沉船都设计成了双船体，人们认为它们是不可能沉没的，紧接着作者说，这个错误的想法可能导致了两个悲剧的发生。因此答案选D认为双船体的结构不可能沉没的想法可能导致了悲剧的发生。选项ABC未提到，无中生有。

55.

D. She was retired after her naval service.

【定位】Olympic in the end定位到最后一段。

【解析】文中提到Eventually, she was taken out of service in 1935最终解除服役，选择答案D。选项AC文中都有提到，但不符合题目“in the end”的要求。选项B无中生有。

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