2017年英语四级考前摸底试卷及答案（一）

Questions 47-51 are based on the following passage.

A friend of mine, in response to a conversation we were having about the injustices of life, asked me the question, "Who said life was going to be fair, or that it was even meant to be fair?" Her question was a good one．It reminded me of something I was taught as a youngster: Life isn't fair．It's a bummer, but it's absolutely

true．One of the mistakes many of us make is that we feel sorry for ourselves, or for others, thirffdng that life should be fair, or that someday it will be．It's not and it won't.

One of the nice things about surrendering to the fact that life isn't fair is that it keeps us from feeling sorry for ourselves by encouraging us to do the very best we can with what we have．We know it's not "Life's job" to make everything perfect, it's our own challenge．Surrendering to this fact also keeps us from feeling sorry for others because we are reminded that everyone is dealt a different hand; everyone has unique strengths and problems in the process of growing up, facing the reality and making decisions; and everyone has those times that they feel victimized or unfairly treated.

The fact that life isn't fair doesn't mean we shouldn't do everything in our power to improve our own lives or the world as a whole．To the contrary, it suggests that we should．When we don't recognize or admit that life isn't fair, we tend to feel pity for others and for ourselves．Pity, of course, is a self-defeating emotion that does nothing for anyone, except to make everyone feel worse than they already do．When we do recognize that life isn't fair, however, we feel compassion for others and for ourselves．And compassion is a heartfelt emotion that delivers loving-kindness to everyone it touches．The next time you find yourself thinking about the injustices of the world, try reminding yourself of this very basic fact．You may be surprised that it can nudge you out of self-pity and into helpful action.

47[单选题] The author thought of his friend's question as a good one because

A.he also wanted to know who held such an opinion

B.it made him recall something during his childhood

C.like his friend, he also thought life was unfair

D.he learned something from the question as a youngster

48[单选题] 
Surrendering to the fact that life isn't fair will

A.keep us ttom making everything perfect

B.keep us from dohag evet'ything in our power

C.make us face challenges in the life bravely

D.make us know it's our duty to perfect things

49[单选题] 
The second paragraph of the passage mainly discusses

A.it's nice to accept the injustice of life

B.it's nice to surrender to the life

C.we should not surrender to the life

D.we should not feel sorry for ourselves

50[单选题] 
In the last paragraph, "this very basic fact" refers to the fact that

A.you should not pity for others

B.life isn't and won't be fair

C.sympathy is a heartfelt emotion

D.pity is a self-defeating emotion

51[单选题] 
From the passage, we can learn that the author's attitude to life is

A.positive

B.negative

C.self-pity

D.indifferent

材料题

Questions 52-56are based on the following passage. 

Baekeland and Hartmann report that the "short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens．But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities．These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines. 

In general, these "short sleeps" appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist (不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices．They often held several jobs at once, or workers full-or part-time while going to school．And many of them had a strong urge to appear "normal" or "acceptable" 

to their friends and associates．When asked to recall their dreams, the "short sleepers" did poorly．More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering．In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.The sleep patterns of the "short sleepers" were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic ( 疯人 ). 

The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed．Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood．They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest．They tended to recall their dreams much

better than did the "short sleepers." Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious, introverted ( 内向 ), inhibited ( 压抑 ), passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations)．Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.

52[单选题] According to the report,

A.many short sleepers need less sleep by nature

B.many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their work

C.long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day

D.many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood

53[单选题] 
Many "short sleepers" are likely to hold the view that

A.sleep is a withdrawal from the reality

B.sleep interferes with their sound judgement

C.sleep is the least expensive item on their routine program

D.sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles

54[单选题] 
It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers

A.are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of life

B.often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleep

C.do not know how to relax properly

D.are more unlikely to run into mental problems

55[单选题] 
When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might

A.appear disturbed

B.become energetic

C.feel dissatisfied

D.be extremely depressed

56[单选题] 
Which of the following is NOT included in the passage?

A.If one sleeps inadequately, his performance suffers and his memory is weakened.

B.The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the same as those shown by many mental patients.

C.Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep.

D.Short sleepers would be better off with more rest.