2017大学英语四级考试真题及解析第一套（5）

>>英语四级考试试题：2017大学英语四级考试真题及解析第一套（5）

>>英语四级备考攻略讲解课程

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

“One of the reasons I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker when I was younger,” says Lindson-Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.

By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that her mom quit the right way—by stopping abruptly and completely.

In her study, participants were randomly (随机地)assigned to two groups. One had to quit abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine(尼古丁)patches before they quit, in addition to a second form of nicotine replacement, like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy with a nurse before and after quit day.

Six months out, more people who had quit abruptly had stuck with it—more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.

And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the people had said they’d rather cut down gradually before quitting. “If you’re training for a marathon, you wouldn’t expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think,‘Well, if I gradually reduce, it’s like practice,’”says Lindson-Hawley. But that wasn’t the case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them cravings (痛)and withdrawal symptoms before they even reached quit day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. “Regardless of your stated preference, if you’re ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective,” says Dr. Gabriela Ferreira. “When you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that’s compelling. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it,” Ferreira says.

People rarely manage to quit the first time they try. But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of success.

51. What does Lindson-Hawley say about her mother?

A)She quit smoking with her daughter’s help.

B)She succeeded in quitting smoking abruptly.

C)She was also a researcher of tobacco and health.

D)She studied the smoking patterns of adult smokers.

【答案】B

【解析】由“By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that her mom quit the right way—by stopping abruptly and completely.可知，答案为B。

52. What kind of support did smokers receive to quit smoking in Lindson-Hawley’s study?

A)They were given physical training.

B)They were looked after by physicians.

C)They were encouraged by psychologists.

D)They were offered nicotine replacements.

【答案】D

【解析】由“People in both groups used nicotine patches before they quit, in addition to a second form of nicotine replacement, like gum or spray.”可知。答案为D。

53. How does Dr. Gabriela Ferreira view the result of Lindson-Hawley’s experiment?

A)It is idealized. B) It is unexpected.

C) It is encouraging. D) It is misleading.

【答案】C

【解析】由“When you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, that’s compelling. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it, Ferreira says.

”可知，答案为C。

54. The idea of “a marathon” (Line 2, Para.5) illustrates the popular belief that quitting smoking _____.

A)is something few can accomplish

B) needs some practice first

C)requires a lot of patience

D) is a challenge at the beginning

【答案】C

【解析】由“If you’re training for a marathon, you wouldn’t expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well”可知，答案为C。

55. What happens when people try to quit smoking gradually?

A) They find it even more difficult.

B) They are simply unable to make it.

C) They show fewer withdrawal symptoms.

D) They feel much less pain in the process.

【答案】A

【解析】由“Regardless of your stated preference, if you’re ready to quit, quitting abruptly is more effective”可知，答案为A。

Part IV Translation

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

长江是亚洲最长、世界上第三长的河流。长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种的栖息地，灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。长江流域居住着中国三分之一的人口。长江在中国历史、文化和经济上起着很大的作用。长江三角洲产出多达20%的中国国民生产总值。几千年来,长江一直被用于供水、运输和工业生产。长江上还坐落着世界最大的水电站。

【参考译文】

The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and the third-longest in the world. It flows through a

wide array of ecosystems and is habitat to several endemic and endangered species. The Yangtze River irrigates one-fifth of the land area of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Yangtze river basin is home to one-third of the country's population. The Yangtze plays a large role in the

history, culture and economy of China. The Yangtze River Delta generates as much as 20% of the PRC’s GNP. For thousands of years, the Yangtze River has been used for water supply, transportation and industrial production. The largest hydro-electric power station in the world is also located in the River.

【解析】“流经”翻译为“flow through”；“栖息地”翻译为“habitat”；“生态系统”翻译为“ecosystem”；“灌溉”翻译为“irrigate”；“水电站”翻译为“hydro-electric power station”。

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