SAT写作攻略：如何写出好的开头段

>>SAT写作技巧指导：SAT写作攻略：如何写出好的开头段

>>SAT考试精品课程辅导

Writing an Effective Introduction

写出好的开头不外乎两点：

吸引读者的注意力

强调观点

让我们想来看看如何吸引读者的注意力。阅卷者看到的第 一句话往往比别的句子要重要得多。所以，开篇的句子通常都影响深远。一是开头决定了该篇文章能否吸引读者的注意力，让阅卷者产生继续的好奇心;二是开头通常都与你整篇文章所要表明的观点息息相关。让我们看如何成功吸引读者的开头：

Hyperbolic statement夸张的陈述：使用一个大胆、牵强、极端或是夸张的陈述，这类陈述可以具有争议性甚至是虚构性。比如： “For thousands of years of human history, optimists have used religion, politics, and culture to try to change the attitudes of millions. They have miserably failed”。

Statistic数据型：运用相关数据来表达你的观点。例如：“Self-described optimists are five times more likely to be happy and satisfied than their pessimist counterparts”。

Personal experience个人经历：用自己的个人经历来表达观点。例如：“When I was diagnosed with cancer four years ago, the doctor told me I would concede to the wiles of destiny – instead, I made a choice to live a more enjoyable and fulfilling life than I ever had before”。

Folksy/Common Statement常见陈述：用一个普遍的陈述来引出一个常见的观点。例如：“They say that if you aren’t an optimist, the glass is half-empty. And, if you’re a pessimist, it probably has cyanide in it anyway”。

Quote引言：引用一句家喻户晓的名言来表明自己的观点。例如：“'Work is either fun or drudgery. It depends on your attitude. I like fun.'These were wise words from Colleen C. Barrett”。

当然，吸引读者的注意力方式不计其数。我们只是用上面的一些方法来激发你的灵感。

无论你选择如何开头，你都应该保证开头与你文章的观点一致，并且措辞要强硬，观点要清晰明确。切记不能模棱两可，模糊不清。

通常情况下，开头的长度以五个句子为宜，篇幅通常是半张纸，当然这也取决你文章的长度。总之，开头的关键就在于吸引读者注意力并且表明你的观点。

Detail and Description

一篇文章真正的精华其实在于开头和结尾得的主体段落。这个将成就或是击垮你的部分完全取决于考生的个人能力：能否能运用一系列相关的细节并清晰明确地表达出来。

题干中的要求如下：要求考生利用“examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations”，把这一点熟记于心。最  好的方法就是把这四大类都非开，每一类给出两个相关论据。也就是说，引用两本你阅读过的书籍，两堂参与的课程，两次个人的经历以及两点源于对世界和生活的观察。当然每类各引用两点并不是硬性要求。但是如果有八点强有力的论据(每个论据两个句子左右)，毫无疑问，你的文章有足够的信息点和足够长的篇幅。

那么，我们又该如何合理地运用各种论据呢?你要明白的是读者希望看到的是一篇结构清晰的文章，所以杂乱无章的信息点毫无用处。你需要一些论据来让你的各个分论据显得有逻辑，例如：

1. A positive change in attitude can effect a change in conditions

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Non-Violence

Jesus Christ and Christianity

2. Having a positive attitude allows you to make the best of a situation

When I broke my leg and couldn’t play basketball, I studied harder

The movie Little Miss Sunshine

3. Negative attitudes historically yield bad results

Marlowe in Heart of Darkness

Decline of Roman Empire

也许对于上面的论据你并不熟悉。首先，你需要对这些分论点和论据有一个基本的框架，让整篇文章富于结构性和逻辑性。

其次，所有的论据你有需要有“lead-in”和“lead-out”的部分。公式如下：

1. Lead-in：引出论据的过渡部分

2. Detail：论据

3. Lead-out：把论据和论点联系起来

举个例子：

(Lead-in) “Maintaining a positive attitude in a negative environment can actually change your environment for the better. In fact, people who can maintain positive attitudes have created a difference and made the world around them better.”

(Detail) “One such person was Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., who led the Civil Rights Movement in America through a strategy of nonviolence and non-confrontation. His work eventually allowed Blacks in the US more rights.”

(Lead-out) “His involvement and non-violence philosophy shows that even though he could have become angry and violent towards the white establishment, his positive attitude allowed him to effect bigger and better changes.”

当然，上面的论据都是相当长的细节。但这仅仅是为了让各位考生明白所谓的“lead-in”和“lead-out”系统。

上面的SAT写作小技巧和经验大家都学会了吗，这回写作时可就不那么伤脑筋了吧！了解更多考试相关内容可以登录坦途网SAT考试频道，这里有更多的备考经验分享给你哦。