2018成人英语三级考试冲刺模拟题20

>>成人英语三级考试模拟题：2018成人英语三级考试冲刺模拟题20

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一、阅读理解(1-20)

In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition(获得)of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feeling of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.

Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters, others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness.

As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德). Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教), their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parent's principles and their moral can be a dangerous disappointment.

1. Eagerly watching the child's acquisition of new skills _____.

A. should be avoided

B. is universal among parents

C. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child

D. will make him lose interest in learning new things

答案：A

解析：第1段讲到了父母急切盼望孩子们掌握新技能的这种心情所带来的各种负面影响，B、C、D三项均是负面影响的内容，因此要尽量避免，所以只选一项最佳的就选A.

2. In the process of children's learning new skills parents _____.

A. should encourage them to read before know the meaning of the words they read

B. Should not expect too much of them

C. Should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own

D. Should create as many learning opportunities as possible

答案：C

解析：根据第1段中所提到的父母太急于盼望孩子们掌握新技能对孩子们产生的不良影响可以得出一个结论：父母应该在强迫孩子和给予他们自由之间保持平衡。故选C.

3. The second paragraph mainly tells us that _____.

A. parents should be strict with their children

B. parents controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community

C. parental restriction vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone

D. parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation

答案：C

解析：根据第二段第1句话"Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children."故选C.

4. The word "precept" (Line 4, Para.3) probably means _____.

A. idea

B. punishment

C. behavior

D. instruction

答案：D

解析：根据最后一段"If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教)"，可知precept的意思与preach相近，故选D instruction(指导)。

5. In moral matters, parents should _____.

A. observe the rules themselves

B. be aware of the marked difference between adults and children

C. forbid things which have no foundation in morality

D. consistently ensure the security of their children

答案：A

解析：根据最后一段第1句"As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching."可知：在道德问题方面，父母的教育方式要保持一致与连贯，不能朝令夕改。故选A.

Human needs seem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view.

The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.

The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War II, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.

By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the "life enriching" level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called "luxury" items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.

On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?

A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crim, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.

6. According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when _____.

A. he has saved up enough money

B. he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelter

C. he has satisfied his hunger

D. he has learned to build houses

答案：C

解析：本题答案对应于第1、三段。文章的第1段提到一个人有了吃的就会想到再要件衣服，第三段又说最基本的需求是食物，这个层次的需求得到满足后人就会考虑服装和住的地方。综合判断，所以选C，即他不再饥饿后就会产生对住处和衣服的需求。

7. It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War Ⅱ, most Americans _____.

A. were very rich

B. lived in poverty

C. had the good things on the first three levels

D. did not own automobiles

答案：D

解析：文章第三段中说第二次世界大战结束时，对于大多数美国人来说，食品、服装以及住所的需求都满足了，然后第三个层次的需求，包括汽车和新房子便出现了。这说明第二次世界大战结束时大多数美国人还没有汽车。A“很富有”，意思不明。B“生活在贫困中”，不符合文意。C“满足了前三个层次的需求”，也不正确，因为这时第三个层次的需求才刚刚出现。

8. Which of the following is NOT related to "physical satisfaction"?

A. A successful career.

B. A comfortable home.

C. A good meal.

D. A family car.

答案：A

解析：本题答案对应于文章的第四段，第四段第三行说physical satisfaction包括食物、生活舒适、有安全感、有交通工具，在B、C、D中都有体现。故选A.

9. What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?

A. The more goods the better.

B. The more mental satisfaction the better.

C. The more “luxury” items the better.

D. The more earnings the better.

答案：B

解析：本题答案对应文章第四段，其中第四行this level，也就是第四个层次的需求强调的是精神需求，所以选B.

10. The author tends to think that the fifth level _____.

A. would be little better than the fourth level

B. may be a lot more desirable than the first four

C. can be the last and most satisfying level

D. will become attainable before the government takes actions

答案：B

解析：本题考查考生对作者意思的整体把握。先看A“比第四个层次要好一些”，意思含糊。C“是最终的、最令人满意的需求层次”，太绝对。D“在政府采取行动之前就能实现”，不合文意。文章说第五个层次的需求要通过集体行动实现，即人们付钱给政府，让其对抗疾病、愚昧、犯罪与不公。可见这要在政府采取行动后实现。而B的意思是“比前四个层次的需求更值得拥有”，这是正确的。

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